题目内容
One of the most striking things about Americans is that they seem to expect everyone to like them【C1】______they go. Americans aren't of course the only people in the world who take【C2】______that their cultural standards are generally admired--monoculturalism is typical【C3】______every society in the world. But it isn't【C4】______that Americans seem to expect- they seem to expect【C5】______. This phenomenon, which the rest of the world finds both amusing and【C6】______, may be at least partly【C7】______to the American definition of friendliness. To Americans, friendliness means【C8】______informal and cheerful and open to other people, even before you know them【C9】______to be sure you like them. And it's important to note that【C10】______real friendship may certainly arise【C11】______acting friendly in this way, Americans don't mistake acting friendly【C12】______being friends. This can, of course, cause【C13】______when Americans meet people from more reserved cultures. But if you consider【C14】______American history, it's easier to see where this pattern of behavior. comes from. In the pioneer days, if you acted too reserved and formal, no one【C15】______any reason to help you if you got into trouble(【C16】______there was plenty of in the pioneer days). Having a wide circle of friendly acquaintances was a key【C17】______survival, so "friendliness" became a【C18】______pattern of behavior. that every generation of Americans is trained to【C19】______in a high degree. They're so good at being friendly and it works at home--so Americans'【C20】______is that it will work everywhere.
【C1】
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In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, taken together, comprises the whole vocabulary. First, there are those words【C1】______which we become acquainted in daily conversation, which we【C2】______, that is to say, from the【C3】______of our own family and from our familiar associates, and【C4】______we should know and use【C5】______we could not read or write. They【C6】______the common things of life, and are the stock in trade of all who【C7】______the language. Such words may be called "popular", since they belong to the people【C8】______and are not the exclusive【C9】______of a limited class.
On the other hand, our language【C10】______a multitude of words which are comparatively【C11】______used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little【C12】______to use them at home or in the market-place. Our【C13】______acquaintance with them comes not from our mother's【C14】______or from the talk of our schoolmates,【C15】______from books that we read, lectures that we【C16】______, or the more【C17】______conversation of highly educated speakers who are discussing some particular【C18】______in a style. appropriately elevated above the habitual【C19】______of everyday life. Such words are called "learned", and the【C20】______between them and the "popular" words is of great importance to a right understanding of linguistic process.
【C1】
Part B
Directions: You will hear four dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE.
听力原文：W: Today's November fifteenth. It's almost time for Thanksgiving.
M: What are your plans for Thanksgiving day？
W: The same as usual. My aunts and uncles and cousins come to our house for dinner.
M: Do you cook the turkey？
W: My mother cooks it. But I prepare the vegetables. My aunts usually bring the pies.
M: My father and I go to my married sister's every year. When my mother was alive, the whole family came to our house. The women cooked the meal, and the men washed the dishes.
W: In out family the kids wash the dishes. The whole thing is a lot of work.
M: Yes, but I like Thanksgiving. I was out of the country last year, and I really missed it. That's one time in the year when families get together.
How does the man usually spend Thanksgiving？
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Most economists believe that advertising has a positive impact on the economy because it stimulates demand for products and services, strengthening the economy by promoting the sale of goods and services. Manufacturers know that advertising can help sell a new product quickly, enabling them to recover the costs of developing new products. By stimulating the development of new products, advertising helps increase competition. Many economists believe that increased competition leads to lower prices, thereby benefiting consumers and the economy as a whole. These economists also argue that by interesting consumers in purchasing goods, advertising enables manufacturers and others to sell their products in larger quantities.
Other economists, however, believe that advertising is wasteful. They argue that the cost of advertising adds to the cost of goods and that most advertising simply encourages consumers to buy one brand rather than another. According to this view, advertising, simply moves sales from one company to another, rather than increasing sales overall and thereby benefiting the economy as a whole. Advertising
can have wide-ranging repercussions (反响) on a society. Some critics suggest that advertising promotes a materialistic way of life by leading people to believe that happiness is achieved by purchasing products. They argue that advertising creates a consumer culture in which buying exciting new products becomes the foundation of file society's values, pleasures, and goals.
Other critics express concern over the way advertising has affected women and racial minority groups. Ads in the 1950s depicted women primarily as decoration or sex objects. Although millions of women worked outside the home in the 1960s, ads continued to focus on their role as homemakers. Whether owing to the feminist movement or to women's increasing economic power, after the 1960s it became more common to see women depicted in professional roles. The way advertising has depicted racial minorities has also been harmful. Due to the influence of the civil rights movement, however, advertisers by the 19g0s had begun to depict African Americans as students, professionals, or business people. However, many African American organizations and community activists continue to object to the way that alcohol and tobacco companies have seemingly targeted low-income minority communities with a heavy preponderance (优势) of outdoor advertising for their products.
Which of the following is the best title of the passage？
A．36.B．14.C．8.D．3.
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