题目内容
Fishing adds only about one percent to the global economy, but on a regional basis it can contribute extremely to human survival. Marine fisheries contribute more to the world’’s supply of protein than beef, poultry or any other animal source. Fishing typically does not need land ownership, and because it remains, generally, open to all, it is often the employer of last resort in the developing world―an occupation when there are no other choices. Worldwide, about 200 million people rely on fishing for their livelihoods. Within Southeast Asia alone, over five million people fish full-time. In northern Chile forty percent of the population lives off the ocean. In Newfoundland most employment came from fishing or servicing that industry ― until the collapse of the cod fisheries in the early 1990s left tens of thousands of people out of work. Though debates over the conservation of natural resources are often cast as a conflict between jobs and the environment, the restoration of fish populations would in fact boost employment. Michael P. Sissenwine and Andrew A. Rosenberg of the U. S. National Marine Fisheries Service have estimated that if depleted species were allowed to rebuild to their long-term potential, their sustainable use would add about ＄ 8 billion to the U. S. gross domestic product ― and provide about 300 000 jobs. If fish populations were restored and properly managed, about twenty million metric tons could be added to the world’’s annual catch. But restoration of ecological balance, fiscal profitability and economic security will require a continual reduction in the capacity of the commercial fishing industry so that wild populations can recover. The necessary reductions in fishing workforce need not come at the expense of jobs. Governments could increase employment and reduce the pressure on fish populations by guiding subsidies away from highly mechanised ships. For each ＄ 1 million of investment, industrial-scale fishing operations require only one to five people, while small-scale fisheries would employ between 60 and 3 000. Industrial fishing itself threatens tens of millions of fishermen working on a small scale by depleting the fish on which they depend for subsistence. In the conflict between jobs and the environment, the author takes sides with those who are______. in favour of
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Your’’re off work and hanging out at home. Off your diet and into cookies, big dinners and champagne. Off your schedule, and up nights with movies, videos or a good book. Off your workout routine and skipping your morning swim or evening run. In short, you’’re off, free of responsibilities and pressure, stuffed full of food and fun. And you don’’t like it. "All humans, and for that matter all species that are vertebrates and many that are not, have internal clock mechanism, "said George Brainard, professor of neurology at Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia." That’’s not a metaphor. It’’s an actual biological entity." As many people find themselves in the second week of enforced indolence because of the winter break -- whether because of school holidays or time off from work -- more than a few may be experiencing a peculiar sensation. A wave of discontent at the luxury of doing nothing, of sitting around with time to spare, the commodity of the late 20th century that we’’re constantly told is in dangerously short supply. The sense is that you should feel great, but actually you don’’t. You hate to admit it, but it might even be a welcome break to go back to work or school. "I enjoy being off, but I enjoy coming back too, "said Virgina Woodard of Chicago. After several days off around Christmas, she was back at her baby-sitting job on New Year’’s Eve, taking her 3-year-old charge to a museum. "It messes up your schedule, and coming back is tiresome," said Woodard, who nonetheless said she enjoyed her time off. "I feel like I’’ll need a week to recover to get back on my schedule, "said Joni Lederer. She and her family shared the holidays at their Highland Park home with another family, and she has spent the days since taking her two sons skating ,bowling and to museums. "Most people," said Brainard," do better and are healthier if they keep a regular social calendar to their life that is somewhat consistent with their internal timekeeping mechanism." The changes in routine that commonly occur during the holidays come at a biological cost. Those changes disrupt the body clock, located primarily in the brain, and may produce an out-of-sorts feeling. "Normal day-to-day routines and realities are very supportive of the internal clock structure that leads to good health," he added. When a person is off work and hanging out at home, he doesn’’t like it, why
施工预算审查对降低工程造价具有现实意义。( )
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