Part ⅡReading ComprehensionSection ADirections:There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.Passage OneQuestions1to 5are based on the following passage.Last year, cellphone manufacturers introduced a new piece of technology — wireless telephones that come equipped with tiny digital cameras. More than 80 million of them have been sold around the world so far and these devices are raising some questions about how to protect privacy in the digital age.Critics of these new gadgets say there are a couple of reasons people should be concerned. First of all, cellphone cameras are small, which means the owners of these devices can secretly take pictures of things they probably shouldn't be taking pictures of. In Japan, for example, retailers have noticed that people are using their phones to take pictures of magazine pages. Rather than buying the magazines, it seems these individuals have been photographing the articles and then going home to read them on their computers. And here in the United States, believe it or not, a few health clubs have reported problems with individuals who've been using their phones to photograph people while they're showering and changing in the locker room. Because of this, the YMCA, one of the biggest and oldest health clubs in America, recently instituted a ban on camera cellphones.So far, private organizations are the only groups to take the step of banning cellphone cameras. But if a piece of legislation being sponsored by Ohio Representative Michael Oxley wins approval in Congress, the usage of these cameras could soon be restricted on all federal property. That would include national parks, cemeteries, even the Capitol Building. Tim Johnson, a spokesperson for Representative Oxley, says it isn't just the size of these cameras that has lawmakers concerned. He adds they're also concerned that the digital nature of the photographs allows for the pictures to be widely spread. "Congress is trying to update what we're sort of calling our old privacy laws, which were formed when people were just taking still photographs, to a day when you can have not just an electronic picture taken, but put it over the Internet, and suddenly you become very public to millions of people across the world," says Tim Johnson.The legislation wouldn't completely ban cellphone cameras on federal property, but it would ban the use of these devices to take pictures of anyone in "sensitive or compromising states." It would also ban the electronic distribution of any of these pictures.
Passage TwoQuestions6to 10are based on the following passage.Reading is not the only way to acquire knowledge of preceding work. There is another large reservoir which may be called experience, and the college student will find that every craftsman has something he can teach and will generally teach gladly to any college student who does not look down upon them with ill-concealed disdain. The information from these quarters differs from that in textbooks and papers chiefly in that its theoretical part -the explanations of why things happen — is frequently quite fantastic. But the demonstration and report of what happens, and how it happens, are sound even if the reports are in completely unscientific terms. Presently the college student will learn, in this case also, what to accept and what to reject. One important thing for a college student to remember is that if Aristotle could talk to the fisherman, so can he.Another source of knowledge is the vast store of traditional practices handed down from father to son, or mother to daughter, of old country customs, of folklore. All this is very difficult for a college student to explore, for much knowledge and personal experience is needed here to separate good plants from wild weeds. The college student should learn to realize and remember how much of real value science has found in this wide, confused wilderness and how often scientific discoveries turned out to be rediscoveries of what had existed in this wilderness long ago.