假设某基金持有的某三种股票的数量分别为10万股、50万股和100万股,每股的收盘价分别为30元、20元和10元,银行存款为1000万元,对托管人或管理人应付未付的报酬为500万元,应付税金为500万元,则基金资产净值总额为()万元。
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如果你是一家都市报的编辑,要根据普通市民的兴趣和文化水平对下列这篇稿件进行重新编改与稿件配置,使其更加生动活泼、通俗易读,你认为可以采用哪些编辑方法?请简要谈谈你的设想。
“我国从1999年起已连续4年粮食减产,靠挖库存来平衡需求。而库存粮食很有限,去掉陈粮最多还能挖抵两年。如果我国粮食不足,靠进口不仅运输难以解决,国际粮价也必然上涨。”全国人大农业与农村委员会副主任委员万宝瑞日前在北京说。这意味着,两年后,如果粮食继续减产,我国的粮食缺口只能靠从国际上进口高价粮来补。
万宝瑞的说法并非危言耸听。多位专家也提醒,我国粮食生产的“数量安全”存在隐患,应引起高度警觉。
“先有数量安全,后有质量安全”,是中国绿色食品协会会长刘连馥强调的观点。他说,我国的粮食产地面积曾经高达15亿亩,年产量也曾经达到5亿吨左右。按我国现有人口12亿来说,每个人每年的平均口粮约400千克左右。但现在我国粮产地面积下降到14亿亩,年产量也下降为4.5亿吨,人均口粮只有375千克。“照这种趋势发展,如果粮食产地面积和产量都越来越少,而人口却在不断增加,到2030年,拿什么来维持那么多人的生存?”
国家食物与营养咨询委员会主任卢良恕也说,二三十年后,我国人口的持续增长将达到最高峰,预计达到16亿人。耕地的减少、水资源的紧缺和非耕地资源开发需投入巨大资金,人民生活水平的提高和食物需求的不断增长,都成为我国食物安全的巨大压力。
这位同时担任中国农业专家咨询团主任和中国农科院学术委员会名誉主任的院士说,1995年以后,我国连续4年粮食生产总量在5亿吨左右,人均占有量达到400千克,使我国农业进入新的发展阶段。但这个量仅仅是初步小康型标准。
1999年以后,我国粮食连年减产。数据显示,1999年至2001年,我国粮食累计减产5965万吨。2000年以来,我国粮食消费需求大致在4.8亿至4.9亿吨之间,一般当年产需缺口在0.25亿至0.35亿吨,尽管当年生产不能满足,由于库存充足,粮食供应仍可满足。但我国库存粮食毕竟有限,去掉陈粮最多还能挖抵两年。而目前世界粮食贸易额年均只有两亿吨左右,这决定了中国的粮食供给必须坚持自力更生。
针对当前人们一听说粮食或蔬菜沾上农药化肥,就痛加讨伐的做法,刘连馥指出:“发展各种安全食品的时候,一定要先考虑我国国情。不能盲目地将那些曾为我们解决粮食的数量危机起过很大作用的化学农药、化学肥料完全抛弃。”
他说,在制定绿色食品的各种标准和要求时,我们没有像西方许多国家那样,单纯追求纯净的、自然的“农业”,而是采取了分级标准。我国的绿色食品在保证食品质量安全的同时,明显表现了高产量与高质量、高效益相结合的特点。如A级绿色食品的大多数标准参照了联合国粮农组织和世界卫生组织的食品法典委员会的各种标准,安全卫生方面的检测项目和污染物标准限值,一般都严于国家标准。
刘连馥说,相比较而言,有机食品生产所侧重的是环保,无公害农产品生产侧重的是最终产品的安全,而绿色食品则是环保、安全并重。如果是严格按照各自标准生产的,肯定都是安全食品。无论是谁,都得以解决农产品的供需矛盾为前提!
专家们建议,将食物安全纳入国家的中长期发展规划,并建立食物安全预警系统,以应对突发事件。
Text 2
Faced with a mission-critical decision, who would you turn to for advice? Someone you had great confidence in, surely. But several lines of research show that our instincts about where to turn to for counsel are often not completely correct.
My research looks at prejudices that affect how people use advice, including why they often blindly follow recommendations from people who-as far as they know-are as knowledgeable as they are. In studies I conducted with Don Moore of Carnegie Mellon University, for example, I found that people tend to overvalue advice when the problem they're addressing is hard and to undervalue it when the problem is easy.
In our experiments, subjects were asked to guess the weight of people in various pictures,some of which were in focus and some of which were unclear. For each picture, subjects guessed twice: the first time without advice and the second time with input from another participant. When the pictures were in focus, we found, subjects tended to discount the advice; apparently, they were confident in their ability to guess correctly. When the pictures were unclear, subjects leaned heavily on the advice of others and seemed less secure about their initial opinion. Because they misjudged the value of the advice they received-consistently overvaluing or undervaluing it depending on the difficulty of the problem-our subjects did not make the best guesses overall. They would have done better if they'd considered the advice equally,and to a moderate degree, on both hard and easy tasks.
Another advice-related prejudice I've found compels people to overvalue advice that they pay for. In one study I conducted, subjects answered different sets of questions about American histo-ry. Before answering some of the questions, they could get advice on the correct answer from an-other subject whom they knew was no more expert than they were. In one version of the experi-ment, people could get advice for free, while in another version, they paid for it. When they paid for advice, people tended to have firm belief in it, I suspect, by a combination of sunk-cost preju- dice and the nearly instinctual belief that cost and quality are linked.
51.1n the face of a mission-critical decision, people tend to _________
[ A] trust their own efforts
[ B ] rely on research findings
[ C] get affected by other's opinion
[D] seek help from the more know ledgable
Through life learning, children _______ .
[ A] will grow without the assistance from parents
[ B] will learn to communicate with the real world
[ C] will be driven to learn necessary life knowledge
[ D] will be isolated from the negative side of society
[ A] silver
[ B ] prizes
[ C ] cookbook
[ D] candy