题目内容
Since 1959 more and more people are in the market for the Barbie doll.
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TV Shows and Long Bus Trips
Long bus rides are like televisions shows. They have a beginning, a middle, and an end — with commercials (商业的) thrown in every three or four minutes. The commercials are unavoidable. They happen whether you want them or not. Every couple of minutes a billboard glides by outside the bus window. "Buy Super Clean Toothpaste." "Drink Good'n Wet Root Beer." "Fill up with Pacific Gas." Only if you sleep, which is equal to turning the television set off, are you spared the unending cry of "You Need It! Buy It Now!"
The beginning of the ride is comfortable and somewhat exciting, even if you've traveled that way before . Usually some things have changed — new houses, new buildings, sometimes even a new road. The bus driver has a style. of driving and it's fun to try to figure it out the first hour or so. If the driver is particularly reckless or daring, the ride can be as thrilling as a suspense (悬念) story. Will the driver pass the truck in time？ Will the driver move into the right or the left—hand lane？ After a while, of course, the excitement dies down. Sleeping for a while helps pass the middle hours of the ride. Food always makes bus rides more interesting. But you've got to be careful of what kind of food you eat. Too much salty food can make you very thirsty between stops.
The end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning. You know it will soon be over and there's a kind of expectation and excitement in that. The seat, of course, has become harder as the hours have passed. By now you've sat with your legs crossed, with your hands in your lap, with your hands on the arm rests —even with your hands crossed Behind your head. The end comes just at no more ways to sit.
According to the passage, what do the passengers usually see when they are on a long bus trip？
We can deduce from the fourth paragraph that in former times bus services were
Bus Travel Now and Then
Nobody, except perhaps little children, considers a journey in a bus as exciting experience. Although there are thousands of cars on the roads, more people travel by bus than by car. Workers rushing to their offices or factories, children hurrying to school, housewives going shopping, use buses. For cities without other public transport services, if all the buses were to stop running for a day, work would come to a standstill in hundreds of offices and factories and most classrooms would be deserted.
Buses today are large and have comfortable seats, mostly facing the front. To get the driver to stop at a bus-stop, a passenger has merely to push a button, which rings a bell placed near the driver. The bus schedule for the city is well planned, and seldom does one have to wait very long to catch a bus. One can go from almost any part of the city to another by bus.
Of course, there are drawbacks in bus travel. Often the buses are filled to capacity, especially during the rush-hours, and then one may have to wait longer than usual at a bus-stop for a bus with space for more passengers. If one gets into a crowded bus, one may have to remain standing throughout the journey holding on to a leather strap. This can be quite uncomfortable and even a little dangerous, as one may be jerked off one's feet if the bus stops or starts suddenly.
In spite of the inconveniences, we should be grateful for the advantages of bus travel today. The situation was quite different a generation or two ago. In the early 1830's buses were much smaller than they are now. They did not run to a proper timetable (时间表). To catch a bus one stood at a bus-stop(many roads did not even have bus-stops), and took one's chance. Buses took in as many passengers as could squeeze in (挤进去). Passengers sat on benches placed on either side of the bus, facing each other.
In a big city, cars are less important than buses because
The Barbie Dolls
In the mid 1940s, the young ambitious Duo Ruth and Elliott Handler owned a company that made wooden pictures frames (结构). It was in 1945 that Ruth and Elliot Handler jointed with their close friend Harold Mattson to form. a company that would be known for the most famous and successful doll ever created. The company would be named Mattel, MATT for Mattson, and EL for Elliot.
In the mid 1950s, while visiting Switzerland, Ruth Handler purchased a German Lilli doll. Lilli was a sharply, pretty fashion doll first made in 1955. She was originally fashioned after a famous cartoon character in the West German Newsletter, Build.
Lilli is the doll that would inspire Ruth Handler to design the Barbie doll. With the help of her technicians and engineers at Mattel, Barbie was born. Ruth then hired Charlotte Johnson, a fashion designer, to create Barbies wardrobe (衣柜). It was in 1958 that the patent for Barbie was obtained. This would be a fashion doll unlike any of her time. She would be long limited, sharply, beautiful, and only 11.5 inches tall. Ruth and Elliot would name their fashion doll after their own daughter, Bardie.
In 1959, the Barbie doll would make her way to the New York show and receive a cool reception from the toy buyers.
Barbie has undergone a lot of changes over the years and has managed to keep up with current trends in hairstyles, madeup (化妆) and clothing. She is a reflection of the history of fashion since her introduction to the toy market.
Barbie has a universal appeal and collectors both young and old enjoy time spent and memories made with their dolls.
When Ruth and Eliiot Handler was young, they had a strong desire to be highly successful.
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