题目内容
Living History at Jamestown Settlement
A woman in Native American clothes is sitting in the sun, sewing a dress from skin. Inside a building, a colonist is making a wooden chair, using very simple tools. And all around, tourists are taking pictures with their digital (数码的) cameras. This is Jamestown Settlement today.
Jamestown, Virginia, was one of the first places in the world where people from Europe, America, and Africa came together in 1608. Today, it is a living history museum, where children and adults come to experience history. In a living history museum, actors wear clothes from the past and demonstrate many of the activities of daily life back then. The actors also talk to the visitors and explain everything they do.
At a Living History museum, there are always many things to touch, hear and smell. Visitors at Jamestown Settlement can walk through copies of the three small sailing ships that carried colonists to Virginia and even lie down in a colonist&39;s bed. The colonists stayed on the crowded,dangerous ships for more than four months. When they got to Virginia they built an area of houses with a high wall around it in today&39;s fort (堡垒 ), you can see houses, a church, and even a garden with foods that the colonists ate. Women in long dresses work inside their homes, and visitors can help them with their sewing and cooking.
There is also an Indian Village at Jamestown Settlement, and it looks very different from the fort. It shows how the Indians lived in long houses and grew corn and other crops in large fields.
Actors there make pottery (陶器) and teach visitors how to play Indian games. You can even help them make an Indian boat from a tree.
Today the living history museum of Jamestown is very popular, especially with children and families.
People come here to have fun, but also to learn. Many school classes visit to experience old ways of getting things done. A living history museum is the best way to understand how people lived in the past.
Tourists like to take pictures in Jamestown Settlement today. 查看材料
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Questions 11-14 Complete the notes below. Choose one suitable word from the Reading Passage above for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet. Traditional refrigerators use 11___________ pumps to drop temperature. At present, scientists are searching for other methods to produce refrigeration, especially in computer microprocessors 12___________ materials have been tried to generate temperature drops five times bigger than any previously recorded 13___________ effect has also been adopted by many researchers to cool hotspots in computers. A miniature version of a car 14___________ may also be a system to realize ideal computer cooling in the future.
11.___________
13.___________
14.___________
12.___________
Rescue Platform
In the aftermath of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center, security experts are trying to develop new ways of rescuing people from burning skyscrapers. One__________ (51) is a platform. capable of flying vertically and hovering in the air__________ (52) a helicopter. The platform. would rise up and down alongside a skyscraper and pick up people __________(53) in high stories.
The idea for vertical takeoff platform. was hatched (策划) more than ten years ago by a Russian aerospace engineer, David Metreveli, who has since moved to Israel. Metreveli&39;s design__________(54) the Eagle, calls for two jet engines that__________ (55) four large horizontal propellers. The spinning of the propellers __________(56) the necessary lift, or upward force, to raise the platform. The more__________(57) is supplied to the propellers, the higher the platform__________(58). Moving the platform. sideways involves__________ (59) differing amounts of power to each propeller.
Helicopters are now used in some__________ (60) to get people out of burning building. Escape baskets slung from them dangle beside the building for people to climb into.__________(61) , the baskets cannot reach every floor of a building__________ (62) the ropes from which they hang become unstable __________ . (63) a certain length.
So far, Metreveli has built a small-scale model of the Eagle to__________ (64) his idea. In the wake of September 11, he has been able to secure enough funding to start building a larger,4-meter by 4-meter prototype,__________ (65) he calls the Eaglet.
_________ 查看材料
The idea was described by Richard L.Armitage, the deputy secretary of state, as just "one idea being explored" in discussions at the United Nations. It was first hinted at publicly last week by Kofi Annan, the United Nations’ secretary general.
Mr. Armitage’s remarks, made on Tuesday to regional reporters and released by the State Department today, represent a potential shift in course for the administration, which has until now insisted that all military, economic and political matters in Iraq remain under total American control. Allowing the United Nations a leadership role would be intended to win the support of the Security Council for a new mandate authorizing the American-led occupation of the country.
In his remarks, Mr. Armitage declined to discuss the plans in any detail, saying, "I don’t think it helps to throw them out publicly right now." But he described the arrangement under consideration as "a multinational force under U.N. leadership" in which "the American would be the U.N. commander."
On Monday, Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld was asked whether he could envision American troops fighting under United Nations’ command. His answer: "I think that’s not going to happen." But he went on to rule out only "a blue-hatted leadership" meaning by the United Nations, whose troops wear blue helmets over a peacekeeping force in Iraq.
Washington: The Bush administration has【C1】______ for the first time that it may be willing to 【C2】______ a multinational force in Iraq to operate under the 【C3】______ of the United Nations as long as 【C4】______ by an American.
The idea was described by Richard L.Armitage, the deputy secretary of state, as just"【C5】______" in discussions at the United Nations. It was first 【C6】______ publicly last week by Kofi Annan, the United Nations’ secretary general.
Mr. Armitage’s remarks, made 【C7】______ to regional reporters and released by 【C8】______ today, represent 【C9】______ in course for the administration, which has until now insisted that all 【C10】______ matters in Iraq remain under total American control. Allowing the United Nations 【C11】______ would be intended to win the support of the Security Council for 【C12】______ authorizing the【C13】______ occupation of the country.
In his remarks, Mr. Armitage 【C14】______ to discuss the plans 【C15】______, saying, "I don’t think it helps to 【C16】______ publicly fight now." But he described the arrangement under consideration as "a multinational force 【C17】______ "in which "the American would be the U.N. commander."
On Monday, Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld was asked whether he could 【C18】______ American troops fighting 【C19】______ . His answer: "I think that’s not going to happen." But he went on to rule out only 【C20】______ meaning by the United Nations, whose troops wear blue helmets over a peacekeeping force in Iraq.
【C1】
Spacing in Animals Flight Distance
Any observant person has noticed that a wild animal will allow a man or other potential enemy to approach only up to a given distance before it flees. "Flight distance" is the terms used for this interspecies spacing. As a general rule, there is a positive relationship between the size of an animal and its flight distance- the larger the animal, the greater the distance it must keep between itself and the enemy. An antelope will flee when the enemy is as much as five hundred yards away. The wall lizard&39;s flight distance, on the other hand is about six feet. Flight is the basic means of survival for mobile creatures.
Critical Distance Critical distance apparently is present wherever and whenever there is a flight reaction.
"Critical distance" includes the narrow zone separating flight distance from attack distance. A lion in a zoo will flee from an approaching man until it meets a barrier that it cannot overcome. If the man continues the approach, he soon penetrates the lion&39;s critical distance, at which point the cornered lion reverses direction and begins slowly to stalk the man.
Social Distance Social animals need to stay in touch with each other. Loss of contact with the group can be fatal for a variety of reasons including exposure to enemies. Social distance is not simply the distance at which an animal will lose contact with his group -- that is, the distance at which it can no longer see, hear, or smell the group- it is rather a psychological distance, one at which the animal apparently begins to feel anxious when he exceeds its limits. We can think of it as a hidden band that contains the group.
Social distance varies from species to species. It is quite short--apparently only a few yards--among some animals, and quite long among others.
Social distance is not always rigidly fixed but is determined in part by the situation. When the young of apes and humans are mobile but not yet under control of the mother&39;s voice, social distance may be the length of her reach. This is readily observed among the baboons in a zoo.
When the baby approaches a certain point, the mother reaches out to seize the end of its tail and pull it back to her. When added control is needed because of danger, social distance shrinks. To show this in man, one has only to watch a family with a number of small children holding hands as they cross a busy street.
Which of the following is the most appropriate definition of Flight Distance？ 查看材料
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