As a philosophical and literary movement, _________ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War.
A. modernism
B. rationalism
C. sentimentalism
D. transcendentalism
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Which of the following writers is NOT optimistic about the human nature?
A. Ralph Waldo Emerson
B. Nathaniel Hawthorne
C. Walt Whitman
D. Henry David Thoreau
Walt Whitman was a founding figure of American poetry. His innovation first of all lies in his use of _________, poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.
A. blank verse
B. heroic couplet
C. free verse
D. iambic pentameter
Which one is not the characteristics of puritan style?
A. Simple
B. Direct
C. Symbolic
D. Grand
Henry David Thoreau's work, ________, has always been regarded as a masterpiece of the New England Transcendental Movement.
A. Walden
B. The Pioneers
C. Nature
D. Song of Myself