题目内容
（8 分）人工瘤胃模仿了牛羊等反刍动物的胃，可用来发酵处理秸秆，提高秸秆的营养价值。
为了增强发酵效果，研究人员从牛胃中筛选纤维素酶高产菌株，并对其降解纤维素能力进行了研究。 请回答下列问题:
（1）在样品稀释和涂布平板步骤中，下列选项不需要的是 （填序号）。
①酒精灯 ②培养皿 ③显微镜 ④无菌水
（2）在涂布平板时，滴加到培养基表面的菌悬液量不宜过多的原因是 。
（3）向试管内分装含琼脂的培养基时，若试管口粘附有培养基，需要用酒精棉球擦净的原因是 。
（4）刚果红可以与纤维素形成红色复合物，但并不与纤维素降解产物纤维二糖和葡萄糖发生这种反应。 研究人员在刚果红培养基平板上，筛到了几株有透明降解圈的菌落（见右图）。 图中降解圈大小与纤维素酶的
有关。 图中降解纤维素能力最强的菌株是 （填图中序号）。
（5）研究人员用筛选到的纤维素酶高产菌株 J1 和 J4，在不同温度和 pH 条件下进行发测得发酵液中酶活性的结果见下图，推测菌株 更适合用于人工瘤胃发酵，理是 。
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将一株生长正常的某种植物里于密闭的玻璃容器内，在适宜条件下光照培养。从照光开始，净光合速率随着时间延长逐渐下降直至为0。之后保持不变。在上述整时间段内，玻璃容器内CO2浓度表现出的变化趋势是
What does the sentence “There could be only one result.” in Paragraph 5 mean？
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Freedom and Responsibility
Freedom’s challenge in the Digital Age is a serious topic. We are facing today a strange new world and we are all wondering what we are going to do with it.
Some 2,500 years ago Greece discovered freedom. Before that there was no freedom. There were great civilizations, splendid empires, but no freedom anywhere. Egypt and Babylon were both tyrannies, one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses.
In Greece, in Athens (雅典), a little city in a little country, there were no helpless masses. And Athenians willingly obeyed the written laws which they themselves passed, and the unwritten, which must be obeyed if free men live together. They must show each other kindness and pity and the many qualities without which life would be very painful unless one chose to live alone in the desert.The Athenians never thought that a man was free if he could do what he wanted. A man was free if he was self-controlled. To make yourself obey what you approved was freedom. They were saved from looking at their lives as their own private affair. Each one felt responsible for the welfare of Athens, not because it was forced on him from the outside, but because the city was his pride and his safety. The essential belief of the first free government in the world was liberty for all men who could control themselves and would take responsibility for the state.
But discovering freedom is not like discovering computers. It cannot be discovered once for all. If people do not prize it, and work for it, it will go. Constant watch is its price. Athens changed. It was a change that took place without being noticed though it was of the extreme importance, a spiritual change which affected the whole state. It had been the Athenian爷s pride and joy to give to their city. That they could get material benefits from her never entered their minds. There had to be a complete change of attitude before they could look at the city as an employer who paid her
citizens for doing her work. Now instead of men giving to the state, the state was to give to them.What the people wanted was a government which would provide a comfortable life for them; and with this as the primary object, ideas of freedom and self-reliance and responsibility were neglected to the point of disappearing. Athens was more and more looked on as a cooperative business possessed of great wealth in which all citizens had a right to share.
Athens reached the point when the freedom she really wanted was freedom from responsibility.There could be only one result. If men insisted on being free from the burden of self-dependence and responsibility for the common good, they would cease to be free. Responsibility is the price every man must pay for freedom. It is to be had on no other terms. Athens, the Athens of Ancient Greece, refused responsibility; she reached the end of freedom and was never to have it again.
But, “the excellent becomes the permanent”, Aristotle said. Athens lost freedom forever, but freedom was not lost forever for the world. A great American, James Madison, referred to: “The capacity (能力) of mankind for self-government.” No doubt he had not an idea that he was speaking Greek. Athens was not in the farthest background of his mind, but once man has a great and good idea, it is never completely lost. The Digital Age cannot destroy it. Somehow in this or that man’s thought such an idea lives though unconsidered by the world of action. One can never be sure that it is not on the point of breaking out into action only sure that it will do so sometime.
What does the underlined word “tyrannies” in Paragraph 2 refer to？ 查看材料
2014年3月31日，某公司采用出包方式对某固定资产进行改良，该固定资产账面原价为3600元，预计使用年限为5年，已使用3年，预计净残值为零，采用年限平均法计提折旧。甲公司支付出包工程款96元。2014年8月31日，改良工程达到预定可使用状态并投入使用，预计尚可使用4年，预计净残值为零，采用年限平均法计提折旧。2014年度该固定资产应计提折旧为（）元。
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