题目内容

Smoking
Since 1939, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard. The trend of the evidence has been consistent and indicates that there is a serious health risk. Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy.
Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of some other organs of the body. Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males. Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply.
Apart from statistics, it might be helpful to look at what tobacco does to the human body. Smoke is a mixture of gases, vaporized chemicals, minute particles of ash and other solids. There is also nicotine, which is powerful poison, and black tar. As smoke is breathed in, all those components from deposits on the membranes of the lungs. One point of concentration is where the air tube and bronchus divides. Most lung cancer begins at this point.
Filters and low tar tobacco are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slightly reduce, not eliminate the hazards.
It is easy to determine whether smoking is hazardous.

A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned

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Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep?

A. Caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that stops melatonin production.
B. Caffeine interrupts the flow of sleep hormone.
Caffeine halves the body's levels of sleep hormone.
D. Caffeine stays in the body for many hours.

What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss?

A. Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decal on sleep.
B. Different findings of Lotan Shilo and a team about caffeine.
C. The fact that the subjects slept 415 minutes per night after drinking decaf.
D. The evidence that the subjects took half an hour to fall asleep.

The 1, 031 adults were interviewed______.

A. on a dally basis for 8 days
B. during one of eight days
C. all by Grzywacz
D. in groups

The author of this passage probably agrees that______.

A. coffee lovers sleep less than those who do not drink coffee
B. we should not drink coffee after supper
C. people sleep more soundly at midnight than at 3 a.m.
D. if we feel sleepy at night, we should go to bed immediately

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