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阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。 A new drug shows hope of conquering a form of leukemia by targeting the misbehaving cells two summers ago Douglas Jenson was so wiped out from battling chronic myelogenous(骨髓性的) leukemia(白血病) (CML) that he could do little more than sit by his window; watching the numbers on a thermometer rise and fall with the sun. Today thanks to an experimental drug called STI571 (brand name: Glivec), Jenson 67, is biking in Oregon and planning a trip to the Caribbean. "I feel wonderful," he says.2. So do his doctors. STI571, a "smart bomb" drug that targets leukemia cells without harming healthy ions, first made headlines last year when researchers announced that white blood counts had returned to normal in 31 out of 31 patients who had taken the pill. Last week scientists were hack reporting new data on just over 1000 patients. In one trial, more than 90 % of 532 people on the drug saw counts return to normal. And under microscopic examination, 28 percent showed no evidence of cancer left in their bone marrow.3. The drug even helped, although not as dramatically, some patients in the final "blast" phase of the disease, when survival is measured in months. STI571"has ignited the cancer-research field", says Dr Brian Druker, an Oregan Health Sciences University researcher who developed the drug with manufacturer Novartis.4. CML, diagnosed in 5100 Americans every year, is triggered when two chromosomes swap fragments of genetic information. CML starts with the mistaken swap of genes between two chromosomes. The resulting "Philadelphia chromosome" produces the mutant Bcr-Abl protein. Bcr-Abl transfers a phosphate from the chemical messenger ATP to other proteins. They initiate a flawed signal to white blood cells to replicate incessantly.5. STI571 returns blood counts back to normal for those patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia(CML) in a "smart bomb way" by targeting the protein that sends the message to make the white blood cells. Bone marrow transplants can work extremely well, but they’ re applicable only for a minority of patients; otherwise, standard treatment is the injectable drug interferon. Many patients, however, cannot tolerate the adverse effects, which include severe fatigue, weight loss and depression. The new pill works by deactivating the cancer cells’ growth signal. Side effects- nausea, eye puffiness, muscle aches have been relatively mild so far. The drug will probably be approved _______.
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简要回答肺气肿的类型及主要病变特点。
慢性支气管炎外源性致病因素有______、______ 、______。
Text 3 Most firms’ annual general meetings (AGMs) owe more to North Korea than ancient Greece. By long-standing tradition, bosses make platitudinous speeches, listen to lone dissidents with the air of psychiatric nurses towards patients and wait for their own proposals to be rubber-stamped by the proxy votes of obedient institutional investors. According to Manifest, a shareholder-advice firm, 97% of votes cast across Europe last year backed management. So should corporate democrats be cheered by the rebellion over pay at Royal Dutch Shell At the oil giant’s AGM on May 19th, 59% of voting shareholders sided against pay packages for top executives. In particular they disliked 4.2 million ($ 5.8 million) in shares dished out to five executives, which comprised about 12% of their total pay for 2008．Under the firm’s rules, such awards should be granted only if Shell’s total return in the year is in the top three of its peer group. In 2007 and 2008, Shell came a very close fourth, so the firm decided to pay out anyway. Shell is hardly a poster child for malfeasance: it is performing well, its pay is similar to that at other big oil firms and its shareholders previously gave directors discretion to bend the rules. They have used it to cut pay in the past. Still, although the vote is not binding, it is seriously embarrassing. The turnout was decent, at about 50%, and several big fund managers were clearly furious. The payouts have already been made and probably cannot be reversed, but Shell will be in disgrace for a while. Jorma Ollila, its chairman, said he took the vote "very seriously" and promised to "reflect carefully". After GSK, a British drugs firm, had a rebellion on pay in 2003, it completely redrew its pay policy. It is not just Shell that is facing unrest. Rough markets and a wider political uproar over pay have fuelled discontent across corporate Europe. Almost half of the voting shareholders at BP, another oil giant, failed to support its pay policies in April. At Rio Tinto, a mining firm with a habit of digging holes for itself, a fifth of voting shareholders rejected its remuneration policy. So far this year 15% of votes cast on pay in Britain have dissented, compared with 7% last year. In continental Europe owners are grumpy, too: in February almost a third of voting shareholders at Novartis, a Swiss drugs firm, demanded the right to approve its remuneration policy each year. But taking bosses to task for their ever-escalating salaries is not a substitute for keen oversight of performance and strategy. At Royal Bank of Scotland, which had to be rescued by taxpayers last year, 90% of voting shareholders rejected its pay policies last month. Yet back in August 2007, 95% of them ticked the box in support of the acquisition of ABN AMRO, the deal that brought the bank to its knees. Which of the following may NOT be the reason that "fuelled discontent across corporate Europe"
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 Plants still give us our oxygen. If every plant (51) , you’ll die too. Without plants, you can’ t breathe. But you also need energy. You need it to breathe and to move. In fact, you need (52) to live. Some of the first living things couldn’t (53) their own energy. They needed the energy of sunlight, but they couldn’t make it themselves. (54) could they get it There was only one answer at the (55) . That is still true today. Animals still have to get their energy from. plants. Plants keep you (56) . Sometimes we eat the plants (57) . But sometimes an animal eats the plants (58) , then we eat the animal. Apples and oranges grow on trees—plants. Bread comes from plants in a (59) . We get eggs from birds, but the birds eat plants. (Or they eat insects, and the insects have eaten plants. ) We can eat (60) from a deer, but the deer has eaten plants. We eat (61) , and the fish has already eaten plants. (Or it ate other fish—and they ate plants. ) We don’ t eat (62) , but we drink milk. And the cow has eaten the grass for us. Every part of your food comes from plants. When you eat part of an animal, ask yourself, what did this animal eat If it ate other animals, ask yourself, what did they eat You will always (63) a plant. So what is really keeping you alive The green plants of the world are catching sunlight for you. You are using the energy from our own (64) . You are (65) the sun.
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