All of the following statements regarding Panton–Valentine leukocidin are correct except
A. It is a two-component toxin
B. It is commonly produced by community-associated MRSA strains
C. It is an important virulence factor
D. It is identical to one of the staphylococcal enterotoxins
E. It forms pores in the membranes of white blood cells
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All of the following are important infection control strategies in containing spread of MRSA in hospitals except
Aggressive hand hygiene
B. Routine surveillance for nasal colonization among high-risk individuals
Contact isolation for patients who are colonized or infected with MRSA
D. Routine antimicrobial prophylaxis for all patients hospitalized for more than 48 hours
E. Aseptic management of skin lesions
Important methods for classifying and separating streptococci are
Agglutination using antisera against the cell wall group-specific substance
Biochemical testing
C. Hemolytic properties (α-, β-, nonhemolytic)
D. Capsular swelling (quellung) reaction
E. All of the above
All of the following statements regarding the hyaluronic acid capsule of S. pyogenes are correct except
A. It is responsible for the mucoid appearance of the colonies in vitro
B. It is antiphagocytic
C. It binds to CD44 on human epithelial cells
D. It is an important virulence factor
E. A vaccine against the capsule is currently available
All of the following are virulence factors associated with N. gonorrhoeae except
A. Pili
B. Por
C. Lipooligosaccharide
D. Opa proteins
E. A thick polysaccharide capsule