Thewere a series of civil wars for the throne of England between supporters of two rival houses.
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The red rose was the badges used by the , while the white rose was worn by the .
In 1453 Henry Ⅵ suffered a mental illness. Richard was appointed .
On 22 August 1485 at the , Richard was defeated and killed.
On 30 October 1485 Henry took the throne as Henry Ⅶ, inaugurating thedynasty.