题目内容
根据下列文章,请回答 41～45 题。
Giving Up Smoking
A numberof devices are available to help a person quit smokin9。Nicotine(尼古丁)patches aresmall，nicotine—containing adhesive(粘着性的)discs applied to the skin．The nicotine isslowly aborted through the skin and enters the bloodstream(血流)．Over time。thenicotine dose is reduced and eventually the desire for nicotine is eased．Nicotinegum(口香糖)works in a similar manner, providing small doses of nicotine when chewed(咀嚼)．
Thebenefits of giving up smoking include the immediate reduction of harm to the healthof the smoker and easier admission to social activities and institute ions thatban smoking．In a l988 report，the U.S．Surgeon General declared cigarette smokingto be more harmful and expensive than the use of cocaine(可卡因)alcohol．or heroin。Recentevidence supports this claim．
TheUnited States government has collected a special tax on cigarettes for several decades．Therate rose from 8 cents per pack of 20 cigarettes in 1951 t0 24 cents per packin 1993．In other developed countries，the cigarette tax rate is much higher,ranging from 50 percent in Swaziland to 85 percent in Denmark．
In the UnitedStates。the first direct action to check smoking was the regulation of a warningon cigarette packages by the Federal Trade Commission．This warning took effect in1964 and was strengthened in 1969 to read："Warnin9：The Surgeon General HasDetermined That Cigarette Smoking IS Dangerous 10 Your Health．”in 1971 cigaretteadvertising was banned from radio and television，and cities and states passed lawsrequiring nonsmoking sections in public places and workplaces．
第 41 题 Which of the following can help a personquit smoking？
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根据下列文章,请回答 36～40 题。
Eat to Live
A meager(不足的)diet may give you health and a long life，but it's not much fun and it might not even be necessary．We may be able to hang on to most of that youthful vigor even if we don’t start to diet until old age．
Stephen Swindler and his colleagues from the University of California at Riverside have found that some of an elderly mouse’s liver genes can be made to behave as they did when the mouse was young simply by limiting its food for four weeks．The genetic rejuvenation(恢复活力)won’t reverse other damage caused by time for the mouse，but could help its liver metabolize(新陈代谢)drugs or get rid of toxins(毒素)．
Swindler’s team fed three mice a normal diet for their whole lives，and fed another three on half-rations．Three more mice were switched from the normal diet to half-feed for a month when they were 34 months old——equivalent to about 70 human years．
The researchers checked the activity of 11，000 genes from the mouse livers，and found that 46 changed with age in the normally fed mice．The changes were associated with things like inflammation and free radical(自由基)production—probably bad news for mouse health．In the mice that had dieted all their lives，27 0f those 46 9enes continued to behave like young genes．But the most surprising finding was that the mice that only started dieting in old age also benefited from 70 per cent of these gene changes．
“This is the first indication that these effects kick in pretty quickly,” says Huber’ Warner from the National Institute on Aging near Washington，DC．
No one yet knows if calorie restriction works in people as it does in mice，but Spindler is hopeful．“There’s attracting and tempting evidence out there that it will work，”he says．
If it does work in people，there might be good reasons for rejuvenating the liver．As we get older，our bodies are less efficient at metabolizing drugs，for example．A brief period of time of dieting。says Spindler,could be enough to make sure a drug is effective．
But Spindler isn’t sure the trade—off(交换)is worth it．“The mice get less disease，they live longer, but they’re hungry,” he says．“Even seeing what a diet does，it's still hard to go to a restaurant and say：‘I can only eat half of that’．”
Spindler hopes we soon won’t need to diet at all．His company, Life Span Genetics in California，is looking for drugs that have the effects of calorie restriction．
第 36 题 According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true？
(2008，40)在商务谈判报价中，运用不同的表达方式，其效果也不一样。将价格与产品的使用周期结合起来，计算出单位时间的用度及其所对应的支出，以表明价格不贵的方法，属于（）。
下列属于现场海关已经放行但尚未结关的进境货物是： ____________。
货物报关的进口阶段是指进口货物收货人或其代理人根据海关对进境货物的监管要求，在货物进境时，向海关办理相关手续的过程，包括___________环节。
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