结合课文Vocabulary Change 回答下列问题：In the "widening" and "narrowing" processes, the __________ of a word changes.

A. pronunciation
B. spelling
C. meaning

结合课文Vocabulary Change 回答下列问题：The change in meaning of the word dog from "a specific kind of dogs" to "dogs in general" is an example of __________.

A. widening
B. narrowing
C. borrowing

If a speaker of one of these languages does not have a readily( ) (avail)word for something in the world and a speaker of the other language does, the first speaker often borrows the word from the second speaker.

Another large group of words came into English as a result of contact through invasion, in this case the Norman( ) (conquer)of England in 1066.

Then, too, today we find interesting pairs of words such ascowandbeef, sheepandmutton, calfandveal,andpigandporkin which the first item, the name of the animal, is Germanic in()(originate)and the second item, the meat of the animal, is a borrowing from French.

Perhaps the occurrence of such pairs reflects a society in which the()(conquest)Englishman raised the animals for the table of the conquering Norman.

The borrowings from French do not show much, if any, cultural()(superior )in the invaders.

Although the Normans were()(conquer V.), they eventually gave up their French to become speakers of English, just as their ancestors had eventually given up their Germanic language when they invaded France.

From()(vary)Indian languages have come words for once exotic dress items likebandanna, sari, bangle,andpajamas.

Sometimes a borrowing is pronounced in a() (decision)foreign way for a while, but it is usually soon treated according to native sound patterns if it occurs frequently.