Engineered nanomaterials are artificially produced, and designed with very specific properties related to their shape, size, surface, and _____________.
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During 6th-15th centuries, vibrant stained glass windows in European cathedrals owed their rich colors to nanoparticles of __________________ and other metal oxides and chlorides; gold nanoparticles also acted as photocatalytic air purifiers.
During 13th-18th centuries, "Damascus" saber blades contained __________________ and cementite nanowires—an ultrahigh-carbon steel formulation that gave them strength, resilience, the ability to hold a keen edge, and a visible moiré pattern in the steel that give the blades their name.
In 1951, Erwin Müller pioneered the field ion microscope, a means to image the arrangement of atoms at the surface of a sharp metal tip; he first imaged __________________.
In 1956, Arthur von Hippel at MIT introduced many concepts of—and coined the term—"_________________________" as applied to dielectrics, ferroelectrics, and piezoelectrics.