题目内容
In ______, the President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research of the US published "Defining Death" as their first project, and recommended the use of ancillary diagnostic studies to reduce the duration of the requisite period of observation.
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According to legend, in the _____ century, Cosmas and Damian, twin brothers and physicians from Arabia, were credited with amputating the cancerous leg of the custodian of a Roman basilica and replacing it with the leg from a slain Ethiopian gladiator recently buried in the Church of St. Peter. As a result, the brothers were honored in artist Fra Angelica's painting and recognized as the patron saints of transplantation.
In 1947, a young woman was admitted to the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston, USA. The decision to have her undergo a __________ transplant was made by a team led by David Hume. The hospital administration objected to the use of an operating theatre for such an experimental procedure, so the operation was performed in the middle of the night under difficult conditions, in a small room, using only two lamps.
In ______, at the Presbyterian Hospital in Chicago, Richard H. Lawler (1896–1982) replaced the left kidney of a woman who had a compromised prognosis because of complicated polycystic kidney disease. By six months posttransplant, the graft was completely destroyed. The recipient lived for some time with just her right polycystic kidney.
In ancient tales, the Chinese doctor Pien Ch'iao exchanges the _________ of two men to "match their energies better" and uses "potent herbs" to ensure success after the operations. Less dramatically, Hua T'o, the talented "surgeon of the Three Kingdoms," is able to remove, wash, and replace defective livers.
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