外语类 - 在职申硕英语

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The process of gaining or losing weight can be explained by comparing your body to your car. Both run 【B1】 fuel, food for your body and gasoline for your car. Both 【B2】 that fuel, first into heat, then energy, some of 【B3】 is used to do work, and some emitted as waste. And 【B4】 your car uses more energy when the engine is racing than when it is idling, 【B5】 does your body use more energy when you are working hard than 【B6】 you are resting. For the purpose of this comparison, 【B7】 , there is one significant difference between them. Your car cannot store fuel by turning it into 【B8】 else; all gasoline not 【B9】 remains as gasoline. But your body stores 【B10】 energy as fat. When the gas tank is 【B11】 empty, the car won't run; but your body can burn fat to provide more energy. Therefore, if you want to gain weight, you must do 【B12】 of two things: eat more calories (units of heat, therefore energy), or use less through 【B13】 . If you want to lose weight, you do the 【B14】 , decrease your intake of calories or increase the amount of energy you spend. There is 【B15】 way. Gaining or losing weight is always a relation between intake and output of potential energy. 【B1】

A. in
B. on
C. for
D. against

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Section A Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. A: How about having lunch with me today, Paul？ B: ______

A. I'll see you then.
B. Thanks a lot.
C. Sounds great!
D. I can come any time.

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Does money buy happiness？ It's sometimes said that scientists have found no relationship between money and happiness, but that's myth, says University of Illinois psychologist Ed Diener. The connection is complex. In fact, very rich people rate substantially higher in satisfaction with life than very poor people do, even within wealthy nations, he says. "There is overwhelming evidence that money buys happiness," said economist Andrew Oswald of University of Warwick in England. The main debate, he said, is how strong the effect is. Oswald recently reported a study of Britons who won between ＄ 2,000 and ＄ 250,000 in a lottery (彩票拍奖). As a group, they showed a boost in happiness averaging a bit more than one point on a 36-point scale when surveyed two years after their win, compared to their levels two years before they won. Daniel Kahnman, a Nobel-Prize winner and Princeton economist, and colleagues, recently declared that the notion that making a lot of money will produce good overall mood is "mostly illusory". They noted that in one study, members of the high-income group were almost twice as likely to call themselves "very happy" as people from households with incomes below ＄ 20,000. But other studies, rather than asking for a summary estimate of happiness, follow people through the day and repeatedly record their feeling. These studies show less effect of income on happiness. Kahneman and colleagues said. There is still another twist to the money-happiness story. Even though people who make＄150,000 are considerably happier than those who make ＄ 40,000, It's not clear why, says psychologist Richard E. Lucas of Michigan State University. Researchers conclude that any effect of money on happiness is smaller than most daydreamers assume. "People exaggerate how much happiness is bought by an extra few thousand," Oswald said. "The quality of relationships has a far bigger effect than quite large rises in salary. It's much better advice, if you're looking for happiness in life, try to find the right husband or wife than to try to double your salary." The main purpose of this passage is to discuss ______

A. the contributions of household incomes to happiness
B. the complex relationship between money and happiness
C. the positive relationship between money and happiness
D. the negative relations of money to happiness

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Section B Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your rnachine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. His essay is ______ with more than 120 full-color photographs that depict the national park in all seasons.

A. contained
B. illustrated
C. exposed
D. strengthened

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Section A Directions: In this section there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. By, advocating moderate change, they think that they can keep consumer costs low.

A. reasonable
B. radical
C. immediate
D. minimum

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The author of the passage is ______

A. a retired physician
B. a retired teacher
C. a retired medical researcher
D. a retired construction worker

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According to psychologists, successful people who lie about themselves ______

A. take pride in their weaknesses
B. feel weak in their hearts
C. think nothing of others
D. look weak to others

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With 950 million people, India ranks second to China among the most populous countries. But since China 【B1】 a family planning program in 1971, India has been closing the 【B2】 . Indians have reduced their birth rate but not nearly 【B3】 the Chinese have. If current growth rates continue, India's population will 【B4】 China's around the year 2028 【B5】 about 1.7 billion. Should that happen, it won't be the 【B6】 of the enlightened women of Kerala, a state in southern India. 【B7】 India as a whole adds almost 20 million people a year, Kerala's population is virtually 【B8】 . The reason is no mystery: nearly two-thirds of Kerala women practice birth control, 【B9】 about 40% in the entire nation. The difference 【B10】 the emphasis put on health programs, 【B11】 birth control, by the state authorities, 【B12】 in 1957 became India's first elected Communist 【B13】 . And an educational tradition and matrilineal (母系的) customs in parts of Kerala help girls and boys get 【B14】 good schooling. While one in three Indian women is 【B15】 , 90%of those in Kerala can read and write. Higher literacy rates 【B16】 Family planning. "Unlike our Parents, we know that we can do more for our children if we have 【B17】 of them," says Laila Cherian, 33, who lives in the Village of Kudamaloor. She has limited herself 【B18】 three children--one below the national 【B19】 of four. That kind of restraint (抑制, 克制) will keep Kerala from putting added 【B20】 on world food supplies. 【B1】__

A. discovered
B. circulated
C. launched
D. transmitted

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For years, scientists believed that Egyptians and Nubians were the first people to tattoo their bodies. Then, in 1991, a mummy was discovered, dating back to the Bronze Age of about 3,300 B.C. "The Iceman," as the specimen was called, had several markings on his body, including a cross on the inside of his knee and lines on his ankle and back. It is believed these tattoos were made in a curative (治病的) effort. Being so advanced, the Egyptians reportedly spread the practice of tattooing throughout the world. The pyramid-building third and fourth dynasties of Egypt developed international nations with Crete, Greece', Persia and Arabia. The art tattooing stretched out all the way to Southeast Asia by 2,000 B.C. Around the same time, the Japanese became interested in the art but only for its decorative attributes, as opposed to magical ones. The Japanese tattoo artists were the undisputed masters. Their use of colors, perspective, and imaginative designs gave the practice a whole new angle. During the first millennium A.D., Japan adopted Chinese culture in many aspects and confined tattooing to branding wrongdoers. In the Balkans, the Thracians had a different use for the craft. Aristocrats, according to Herodotus, used it to show the world their social status. Although early Europeans dabbled with tattooing, they truly rediscovered the art form. when the world exploration of the post-Renaissance made them seek out new cultures. It was their meeting with Polynesian that introduced them to tattooing. The word, in fact is derived from the Polynesian word tattau, which means "to mark." Most of the early uses of tattoos were ornamental. However, a number of civilizations had practical applications for this craft. The Goths, a tribe of Germanic barbarians famous for pillaging Roman settlements, used tattoos to mark their slaves. Romans did the same with slaves and criminals. In Tahiti, tattoos were a rite of passage and told the history of the person's life. Reaching adulthood, boys got one tattoo to commemorate the event. Men were marked with another style. when they got married. Later, tattoos became the souvenir of choice for globe-trotting sailors. Whenever they would reach an exotic locale, they would get a new tattoo to mark the occasion. A dragon was a famous style. that meant the sailor had reached a "China station." At first, sailors would spend their free time on the ship tattooing themselves and their mates. Soon after, tattoo parlors were set up in the area, surrounding ports worldwide. In the middle of the 19th century, police officials believed that half of the criminal underworld in New York City had tattoos. Port areas were renowned for being rough places flail of sailors that were guilty of some crime or another. This is most likely how tattoos got such a bad reputation and became associated with rebels and criminals. What is tattoo？

A skill of making sculpture.
B. An art of body painting.
C. A branch of science for conserving ancient buildings.
D. A way of recording history.

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The people who are in favor of death penalty believe in the following except ______

A. The intentional murderer should eat his own bitter fruit
B. Stricter punishments stop crime
C. The punishment must fit the crime
D. To err is human; to forgive, divine

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