题目内容
Some oil companies plan to get rid of some of the pollution they produce by pumping it into rocks deep inside the Earth, where they say it will stay for thousands of years. Other people, though, aren't so sure this is advisable; environmental groups say that putting this pollution back into the Earth is a bad idea.
When oil burns, It doesn't just produce heat: it also produces carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is a natural part of the air, but because people bum so much oil, there's too much carbon dioxide in the air. This extra carbon dioxide is pollution; some scientific studies show that carbon dioxide is one of the" greenhouse gases" that is causing the Earth's temperature to rise.
Environmentalists say that the oil companies' plans may not work. The oil companies say they are making sure that the gas will never escape, but environmentalists wonder how the oil companies can be so sure that the gas won't seep into the air. They also point out that there's no way to check to make sure the gas isn't leaking. In addition, the environmentalists point out that the pumping costs money—for research and for equipment—that the oil companies should be spending on preventing pollution, rather than on just moving it someplace else.
Another problem, say some people who are concerned about the Earth, is that if the oil companies find a cheap way to get rid of their pollution, they won't look for new kinds of energy. These environmentalists say that energy companies should be researching ways to use hydrogen, wind power, and solar power instead of finding better ways to use oil. They argue that continuing to use oil means that we will still need to buy oil from other countries instead of producing our own cheap, clean energy.
Environmentalists also say that burying pollution just pushes the problem into the future, rather than really solving it. They say that if the oil companies pump carbon dioxide into the rocks inside the Earth, it will be there for thousands of years, and that no one knows if this plan—even if it works—might turn into a pollution problem for all of us in the future.
The oil companies insist that their plan is safe, and that putting the gas inside the Earth is a reasonable way to deal with it, They point out that there is a lot of room in the Earth for this extra gas, and that putting carbon dioxide inside the Earth means that the gas won't be in the air, and if it's not in the air, it won't make the Earth warmer.
According to the passage, oil results in air pollution because
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Mayor Ray Nagin is quoted in the 3rd paragraph to
On Jaya Agrawal's website, what are the common responses to the doctors' sleep problems？
The word "exodus"(paragraph 2) most probably means
Doctors have their own special sleep problems. Residents are famously sleep deprived. When I was training to become a doctor, it was not unusual to work 40 hours in a row without rest. Most of us took it in stride, confident we could still deliver the highest quality of medical care.
Maybe we shouldn't have been so sure of ourselves. An article in the Journal of the American Medical Association points out that in the morning after 24 hours of sleeplessness, a person's motor performance is comparable to that of someone who is legally intoxicated. Curiously, surgeons who believe that operating under the influence is grounds for dismissal often don't think twice about operating without enough sleep.
"I could tell you horror stories", says Jaya Agrawal, president of the American Medical Student Association, which runs a website where residents can post anonymous anecdotes. Some are terrifying. "I was operating after being up for over 36 hours", one writes. "I literally fell asleep standing up and nearly face planted into the wound".
"Practically every surgical resident I know has fallen asleep at the wheel driving home from work", writes another. "I know of three who have hit parked cars. Another hit a convenience store on the roadside".
"Your own patients have become the enemy", writes a third", because they are the one thing that stands between you and a few hours of sleep".
Agrawal's organization is supporting the Patient and Physician Safety and Protection Act of 2001, introduced last November by Representative John Conyers Jr. of Michigan. Its key provisions, modeled on New York State's regulations, include an 80-hour workweek and a 24 hour work-shift limit.
Most doctors, however, resist such interference. Dr. Charles Binkley, a senior surgery resident at the University of Michigan, agrees that something needs to be done but believes" doctors should be bound by their conscience, not by the government".
The U.S. controls the hours of pilots and truck drivers. But until such a system is in place for doctors, patients are on their own. If you're worried about the people treating you, you should feel free to ask how many hours of sleep they have had. Doctors, for their part, have to give up their pose of infallibility and get the rest they need.
Which of the following is NOT true according to the text？
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