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病历摘要男孩,7岁。高热、头痛伴呕吐、惊厥1天。患儿近1天突发高热,体温最高达39.3℃,伴畏寒、剧烈头痛。入院前呕吐3次,呈喷射性,呕吐物为胃内容物。发生惊厥1次,于2月3日急诊入院。查体:T39.1℃,P84次/分,R18次/分,BP90/60mmHg。神志欠清,烦躁不安。全身皮肤散在多数瘀点、瘀斑,浅表淋巴结未触及。双侧瞳孔等大等圆,对光反射存在,颈抵抗。双肺呼吸音清晰,未闻及干、湿性啰音,心界不大,心率108次/分,律齐,各瓣膜区未闻及杂音。腹平软,无压痛及反跳痛,肝脾肋下未触及,肠鸣音4次/分,双下肢无水肿。克氏征阳性。实验室检查:血WBC20×109/L,N0.90。腰穿:脑脊液压力280mmH20,外观浑浊,蛋白定性(潘氏)试验强阳性,有核细胞6000×106/L,多核0.88;脑脊液涂片可见革兰阴性肾形双球菌;糖和氯化物明显降低。要求:根据以上病历摘要,请写出初步诊断及诊断依据、鉴别诊断、进一步检查与治疗原则。

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Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death. Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised. First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent . Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth. By "dropout" the author means().

A. students who failed the examination
B. students who left school
C. students who lost their way
D. students who were driven out of school

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