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【C19】
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本大题共12小题，每小题2分。在每小题所给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
俗话说：“上行下效。”与这句话相关的德育方法是()
The sentencing of Lil' Kim comes after two months when two rappers faced more serious charges. On June 17 the Philadelphia rapper Cassidy turned himself in to the police, who were looking for him as a suspect in a shooting that killed one man and wounded two others. Less than two weeks later, Cassidy' s second album, "I' m a Hustla", arrived in stores; it makes its debut at No. 5 on this week' s Billboard album chart.
And in May, the emerging Atlanta rapper Gucci Mane surrendered in connection with the slaying of a rapper from Macon, Ga., named Pookie Loc; the arrest came the same day as the release of his new album, "Trap House" (Big Cat). Gucci Mane, who was jailed, has said that the killing was self-defense and has suggested that Pookie Loc was connected to his foe and former collaborator Young Jeezy, from the Atlanta group Boyzn' da Hood, which released its thrilling self-rifled debut album on June 21; Jeezy' s highly anticipated solo debut is due on July 26.
It' s clear that many rappers find themselves embroiled in violence, but it' s also clear that Radric Davis had plenty to worry about even before he became a Southern sensation named Gucci Mane: he had previously been convicted on cocaine charges. And while a high-profile arrest certainly won' t scare off hip-hop fans, it won' t usually drive them to the record shops, either. Billboard said the arrest gave Gucci Mane a "big boost on the charts," but in fact his album made its debut at No. 101. That' s not a very strong showing, especially considering the popularity of Gucci Mane' s breakout hit, "Icy," a regional favorite that became a BET favorite, too.
The strange troth is that being arrested or going to prison -- even for murder -- isn't likely to have much effect on a rapper' s reputation. When Lit' Kim makes her inevitable return, she' II inevitably have some rhymes about her time inside. But although some fans might admire her for not testifying against her friends (in hip-hop, as elsewhere, loyalty counts for a lot), it is by no means clear that jail will help her career. For a rapper, having your name printed in the police blotter is likely merely to reinforce whatever perceptions fans already have.
The Philadelphia rapper Cassidy ______.
There are only two ways to gather information from human subjects about what they are currently doing, thinking, or feeling. One way is to【C1】______ what they do, the technique of observation; the【C2】______ is to ask them, the technique of surveys. Many【C3】______ included in each type of technique【C4】______ several advantages and【C5】______ . Firms frequently use【C6】______ techniques to minimize【C7】______.
There is a great variety of observational studies. A researcher stands near the entrance【C8】______ a theatre and observes the approximate age and sex of patrons【C9】______ the theatre during certain times of the day and days of the【C10】______. Researchers comb through the garbage【C11】______ of Arizona residents to【C12】______ what is being thrown【C13】______ and, by inference from packages,【C14】______ is being bought. Toy manufacturers watch【C15】______ behind one-way mirrors to see how children【C16】______ to and play【C17】______ prototypes(样品) of toys they are thinking of introducing. Observers in public places -- airports,【C18】______ offices -- watch to see【C19】______ subjects read newspapers and magazines. Researchers call【C20】______ households and take a "pantry audit" to learn the quantity and brands of certain items on the kitchen or bathroom shelves.
【C1】
SECTION B INTERVIEW
Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.
Now listen to the interview.
听力原文：Interviewer: Would you please describe your feelings towards criminals？
Superintendent: It is true to say there are criminals, certain types of criminals who policemen have.., er...I have to be very careful with what I say.
Interviewer: Uhumm.
Superintendent: You see, I know a person who has been caught so many times that he' s... he becomes part and parcel of the station.
Interviewer: Umm. He' s been brought in all the time.
Superintendent: He' s always in and he' s a cheerful sort of character. And it' s his way of life. And this sort of people of course...well, I say have an affinity with, that' s not the right word to use, but you have a closeness with, you know.
Interviewer: They are part of your work, aren't they？
Superintendent: You know, Old Sam is always in. And you can always guarantee that Old Fred will do something stupid about a week before Christmas so that he can spend Christmas in a certain prison.
Interviewer: Which he likes？
Superintendent: Which he likes because he has a good Christmas. Then, of course, you go to the other end of the scale where you have a hard-core minority who are the professional criminals. And of course, one has no sympathy for them.
Interviewer: British policemen are not armed, that is they do not carry guns. How do policemen feel about this？
Superintendent: I don' t think the average policeman really thinks about it, you know. I honestly think he does not think about it at all. I am sure if he did, he would probably be a worried man.
Interviewer: Uhum.
Superintendent: The reason I say that is this, that the average policeman in this country feels that the average English man or Britisher is such a person that the use of arms and that sort of thing is foreign to bis nature.
Interviewer: Urn, he just wouldn't think of using a pistol or something？
Superintendent: Of course, it is true to say that there are certain elements in the criminal world who are...er...resorting to firearms.
Interviewer: The organized professional criminals？
Superintendent: The organized professional criminals, this sort of people. Well, of course, one takes one' s chances which you don' t think about, you know？
Interviewer: But your impression is that England is not a violent society.
Superintendent: Well, I don' t think we are a violent people. You see, I think as a nation, if I can put it that way, we are...er...we love compromise, you know？
Interviewer: Uhum.
Superintendent: Everything we do is a compromise and I think in that...er...because of that I think probably we are not so violent.
Interviewer: Have you faced a man with a weapon for instance？
Superintendent: I haven' t faced a man with a weapon. I have had an occasion where I have had a man he has.., er... locked himself into a house and he wouldn't come out and he was threatening people with all sorts of things.
Interviewer: What did you do in that particular case？
Superintendent: Well, you just go and sit down and have a chat with him. You talk to him. You start talking outside the building and you walk in and you eventually get to the bottom of the stairs and you talk and talk and you try to build up some understanding or some common point, some common denominator between you.
Interviewer: Understanding？
Superintendent: Understanding...once you do that then you have this...
Interviewer: You mean you have to get his trust first？
Superintendent: I think so.
Interviewer: This is what you did on this particular occasion？
Superintendent: Yes, and I hope this doesn't sound pompons？
Interviewer: No.
Superintendent: And t
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