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听力原文：W: Oh．no…．some TV channels have been rerunning a lot of comedies from the sixties．What do you think Of those old shows？
M: Not much．But then，the new ones aren't so great either.
Q: What does the man mean？
(14)
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In the past, concern about a man-made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet. But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected by only a few degrees of warming, in other words, by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fifty years from the burning of fuels.
Satellite pictures show that large areas of Antarctic ice are already disappearing. The evidence available suggests that a warming has taken place. This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth.
However, most of the fuel is burnt in the northern hemisphere, where temperatures seem to be falling. As a result, scientists conclude that up to now natural influences on the weather have exceeded those caused by human being.
(30)
How to Love the World As It Is？
It struck me recently that a lot of people think they know what's wrong with this world, and it also struck me that they're all wrong.
Seriously-almost every political and religious group, every opinionated person, every publication with an opinion, has said at one time or another what they think is wrong with this world.
So what's really wrong with the world, in my opinion？
Not a thing.
The Prevailing World-view
It seems to be a prevailing world-view that the world is messed up, that there are just a few things wrong with it, and if we could only get those things to change, the world would be great. If we could just educate people and get them to realize what's wrong with this world, things could change.
This type of view of the world-and like I said, I think it's the prevailing view-stems from an ideal that many people have in their heads of what the world should be like. They might not realize they have that ideal, but it's there. And the world will never reach this Platonic ideal, because it's just this image of perfection that does not match reality. Reality and this ideal are incompatible.
So What's Wrong with That？
Nothing's wrong with that, actually. That's how most people are, and I don't think I can change that, nor would I want to. I thought it would be an interesting discussion, though, because I think this discrepancy between what people think the world should be and what the world really is can cause unhappiness.
If you want the world to be completely vegetarian and kind to animals, and it isn't and won't be in the foreseeable future, you will most likely be unhappy. If you want the world to go back to how it was during your childhood, or during your parents' generation, and it isn't likely to do so, you're not going to be happy.
The same is true of any of our ideals. It's very possible that the reality of the people in your life don't meet these ideals. That might cause you to be unhappy with them.
When reality doesn't meet ideals-and it rarely does-we become unhappy.
So What's the Alternative？
I'm not proposing that you, or anyone else, change your world-view. If you, or anyone else, are happy with that world-view, don't change it.
But there is an alternative, and I'm not saying it's better. It's the world-view I try to have: instead of having an ideal, stop looking for perfection. Accept the world as it is, and love it for what it is. Accept people as they are, and love them.
What would be the result of this alternative world-view？ Well, I think you'd be happier, if only because you didn't see the world as a fundamentally flawed or evil place, and began to see the good in the world. This, however, is open to individual interpretation, and your own experience is likely to be different than mine.
Does this mean that we should give up on trying to make positive changes in the world？ Should we stop trying to make the world a better place？ No! Don't ever stop trying to do good things! Even if the world is already a good place, we can always find happiness and satisfaction in trying to do good, in trying to make people's lives better.
But what about all the evil and suffering in the world？ Should we accept and love that as well？ That's the toughest part, I think. It's hard to accept that people are dying of diseases and famine and war and murder and abuse, and perhaps impossible to love that aspect of the world. You don't have to love it, but it helps to try to really understand it. Why does this happen？ What are the deeper reasons？ At the heart of the deepest reasons is humanity-we are all flawed creatures in some way, and that's what makes us human and beautiful.
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The more women and minorities make their way into the ranks of management, the more they seem to want to talk about things formerly judged to be best left unsaid. The newcomers also tend to see office matters with a fresh eye, in the process sometimes coming up with critical analyses of the forces that shape everyone's experience in the organization.
Consider the novel views of Harvey Coleman of Atlanta on the subject of getting ahead. Coleman is black. He spent 11 years with IBM, half of them working in management development, and now serves as a consultant to the likes of AT&T, CocaCola, Prudential, and Merch. Coleman says that based on what he's seen at big com panics, he weighs the different elements that make for longterm career success as follows: performance counts a mere 10%; image, 30%; and exposure, a full 60%. Coleman concludes that excellent job performance is so common these days that while doing your work well may win you pay increases, it won't secure you the big promotion. He finds that advancement more often depends on how many people know you and your work, and how high up they are.
Ridiculous beliefs？ Not to many people, especially many women and members of minority races who, like Coleman, feel that the scales have dropped from their eyes. "Women and blacks in organizations work under false beliefs," says Kaleel Jamison, a New York based management consultant who helps corporations deal with these issues. "They think that if you work hard, you'll get ahead that someone in authority will reach down and give you a promotion." She added, "Most women and blacks are so frightened that people will think they've gotten ahead because of their sex or color that they play down their visibility." Her advice to those folks: learn the ways that white males have traditionally used to find their way into the spotlight (公众注意中心).
According to the passage, "things formerly judged to be best left unsaid" (in Para. 1) probably refers to ______.
Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and 【C2】______ certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet, but two 【C3】______ schools of thought on the matter have 【C4】______ . As one might expect, the two 【C5】______ are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of 【C6】______ between proponents (支持者) of each theory. The controversy is often 【C7】______ to as "nature vs nurture".
Those who support the "nature" side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior. patterns are 【C8】______ determined by biological and 【C9】______ factors. That our environment has 【C10】______ , if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior. is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior. is predetermined 【C11】______ such a great degree that we are almost completely 【C12】______ by our instincts.
Proponents of the "nurture" theory, or, 【C13】______ they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining 【C14】______ we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior. is almost completely 【C15】______ by their surroundings. The behaviorists' view of the human being is quite 【C16】______ ; they maintain that, like machines, humans 【C17】______ to environmental stimuli as the 【C18】______ of their behavior.
Neither of these theories can yet 【C19】______ explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the 【C20】______ to our behavior. lies somewhere between these two extremes. That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.
【C1】
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