Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
Prices are sky high, with profits to match. But looking further ahead, the industry faces wrenching change, says an expert of energy.
"The time when we could count on cheap oil and even cheaper natural gas is clearly ending. That was the gloomy forecast delivered in February by Dave O'Reilly, the chairman of Chevron Texaco, to hundreds of oilmen gathered for a conference in Houston. The following month, Venezuela's President Hugo Chavez gleefully echoed the sentiment: "The world should forget about cheap oil."
The surge in oil prices, from $10 a barrel in 1998 to above $50 in early 2005, has prompted talk of a new era of sustained higher prices. But whenever a "new era" in oil is hailed, scepticism is in order. After all, this is essentially a cyclical business in which prices habitually yo-yo. Even so, an unusually loud chorus is now joining Messrs O'Reilly and Chavez, pointing to intriguing evidence of a new "price floor" of $30 or perhaps even $40. Confusingly, though, there are also signs that high oil prices may be caused by a speculative bubble that could burst quite suddenly. To see which camp is right, two questions need answering: why did the oil price soar? And what could keep it high?
To make matters more complicated, there is in fact no such thing as a single "oil price": rather, there are dozens of varieties of crude trading at different prices. When newspapers write about oil prices, they usually mean one of two reference crudes: Brent from the North Sea, or West Texas Intermediate (WTI). But when ministers from the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC discuss prices, they usually refer to a basket of heavier cartel crudes, which trade at a discount to WTI and Brent. All oil prices mentioned in this survey are per barrel of WTI.
The recent volatility in prices is only one of several challenges facing the oil industry. Although at first sight Big Oil seems to be in rude health, posting record profits, this survey will argue that the western oil majors will have their work cut out to cope with the rise of resource nationalism, which threatens to choke off access to new oil reserves. This is essential to replace their existing reserves, which are rapidly declining. They will also have to respond to efforts by governments to deal with oil's serious environmental and geopolitical side-effects. Together, these challenges could yet wipe out the oil majors.
Dave O'Reilly and Hugo Chavez believe that
A. prices of oil and natural gas are very high.
B. prices of oil and natural gas will not go down.
C. oil and natural gas will keep sustained high prices.
D. the world has forgotten about cheap oil.
年度资产负债表日至财务报告批准报出日之间发现的报告年度及以前年度的会计差错的处理原则是()年度资产负债表日至财务报告批准报出日之间发现的报告年度及以前年度的会计差错的处理原则是()。
A. 应区分报告年度和以前年度的会计差错。报告年度的会计差错,作为资产负债表日后调整事项,调整报告年度的会计报表;以前年度的会计差错,调整发现年度会计报表的年初数
B. 应区分重大会计差错和非重大会计差错。重大会计差错,作为资产负债表日后调整事项,调整报告年度的会计报表;非重大会计差错,作为发现年度当期事项,直接调整发现年度当期损益及其他相关项目
C. 对于报告年度的重大、非重大会计差错以及以前年度重大会计差错,作为资产负债表日后调整事项,调整报告年度的会计报表;对于以前年度的非重大会计差错,直接调整发现年度当期损益及其他相关项目
D. 均作为资产负债表日后调整事项调整报告年度的会计报表的相关项目