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A．The boss was hard to get along with.B．The chances for advancement were limited.C．The
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Good Table Manners
Manners play an important part in making a favorable impression at the dinner table. Here are some general rules:
Napkin(餐巾)use
The meal begins when the host unfolds his or her napkin. This is your signal to do the same, so place your napkin on your lap. Unfold it completely if it is a small napkin, or in half, lengthwise(纵向地), if it is a large dinner napkin.
If you need to leave the table during the meal, place your napkin on your chair as a signal to your server that you will be returning. Once the meal is over, place your napkin neatly on the table to the right of your dinner plate. Do not refold it.
Use a napkin only for your mouth. Never use it for your nose, face or forehead.
Use of utensils(餐具)
Start with the knife, fork or spoon furthest from your plate, and work your way in, using one utensil for each course.
If soup is served, remember to spoon away from yourself. This helps stop the drips. Do not put the entire soup spoon in your mouth. Instead, fill a soup spoon about 75 per cent with soup, and sip(啜饮)it from the side noiselessly.
After finishing dinner, place the knife and fork parallel to one another across the plate with the knife blade facing inward toward the plate.
Using your fingers
Here's a list of finger foods: sandwiches, cookies, small fruits or berries with stems, French fries and potato chips, and hamburgers.
Chew(咀嚼)with your mouth closed and don't make noise; don't talk with your mouth full.
Bread must be broken with your hands. It is never cut with a knife.
Don't pick something out of your teeth. Instead, excuse yourself to the bathroom.
If possible, try not to cough at the table.
Do not put your elbows(肘)on the table. In France, it is essential to have both hands above the table at the same time.
Do not put bones or anything else on the table. Things that are not eaten should be put on your plate.
Where is the napkin normally placed during the meal？
听力原文：W: You didn't turn up for yesterday's English Evening as you had promised.
M: You know what. I went to see my supervisor about my essay. And then I forgot all about the party.
Q: What happened to the man？
(16)
W: The next generation has begun to look at retirement a little differently. Why limit that last "vacation" to just a few years and to a time when your health might be too poor to let you do all the things you've planned to do？ They are determined to alter that fate.
M: Do they have any way to lengthen their period of retirement？
W: They have a simple solution. Just retire earlier. Don't wait until age 65. Retire at 50. You will be able to enjoy life after retirement for 15 or 20 years. This is a nice strategy, but there are still some problems.
M: What are they？
W: First, quitting work at 50 deprives you of 15 of your most productive years, and you accumulate less money to support yourself in retirement. Second, you are not going to die at 68, you are likely to live longer. It means your money must last you longer.
M: Do you mean that to retire earlier than scheduled is not a good solution？
W: In fact, because of these reasons, retirement as you know will not even exist.
M: How can you say that？
W: This sounds both horrifying and incredible. However, it's a natural evolution of society. Because what many retirees discover after a while is that they've become just bored. Going to work can solve that problem. Work can be mentally challenging and stimulating, and lots of fun, especially you know you're doing it because you want to, not because you have to.
(23)
听力原文： Long ago, people had no way of keeping food from spoiling. So they ate all they possibly could and hoped it wouldn't be too long before the next meal. Mealtime was any time they found food, so they were either stuffed or starved most of the time.
No one knows for sure how people first learned to preserve food. Maybe they accidentally left food in the sun and discovered that the dried food kept longer. Maybe they left food by the fire and found out that cooked food not only kept longer, but tasted better. Somehow someone learned that salt helps preserve meat, fish and even vegetables. For example, pickles are cucumbers that are preserved with salt. Through the years people have continued to learn new and better ways of preserving food from one growing season to another. Today millions of people work in jobs that have something to do with food preservation.
Suppose you were walking up and down the aisles of a modern supermarket. On the shelves you would find food preserved in many different ways. You would see canned tomatoes and peaches in glass jars. These foods were first sealed in airtight containers and then heated to high temperature. If there was a break in the seal, the food would soon spoil You would also see dried and powdered food on the shelves. You would see prunes and raisins. You would see powdered milk and powdered eggs. Some dried foods, such as onions and potatoes, can of course be kept for tong.
If you walked past the dairy counter, you would find many foods that have been treated to kill any harmful germs that might have been in them. Milk is a good example. It may be unsafe to drink ram milk, that is, milk just as it comes from the cow. If the milk is heated and then cooled, the harmful germs are killed. The man who discovered this way of treating milk was a Frenchman named Louis Pasteur. Milk so treated is called pasteurized milk and the process is called pasteurization.
In the supermarket you would also find many frozen foods, frozen fruits, vegetables, meat and fish. Because techniques for freezing food are being improved, more and more frozen foods are appearing on the market, and more and more people are buying them. Fruits and vegetables sold in the supermarket are often frozen as soon as they are picked. The sooner fruits and vegetables are frozen, the better freezing machines can be taken into fields where the food grows, so that little time is lost between picking and freezing.
Many Americans with large families now have their own freezers and freeze their own food. Because fruits and vegetables are cheaper when they are in season, a housewife often buys more than she can use in a few days or even in a week and then freezes the rest. Preparing food for the freezer is a fairly simple process. To prepare strawberries, for example, the housewife simply needs to clean them, put them on a tray in the freezer for a few hours, then put them in plastic bags. Bread, cakes, cooked and uncooked pies can also be kept in a freezer.
With the improvement in methods of food preservation, people no longer have to stuff one day and starve another. They can have a well-balanced diet all year round.
Questions:
16. Which of the following is NOT an early way to keep food from spoiling？
17.Which of the following statements is TRUE about milk？
18.How can peaches sold in a supermarket be preserved, according to this talk？
19.How do most American housewives deal with fruits and vegetables？
20.According to this talk, what is NOT needed when strawberries are stored in a freezer？
(36)
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