InthecaseofInternationalPrimateProtectionLeaguevsInstituteforBehavioralResearchintheUS,whatofthefollowing events neverhappened?
A. In1981,agraduatestudent&PETAmember,AlexPacheco,volunteeredataresearchcenterinSilverSpring,Maryland.Atthetime,EdwardTaubwasconductingresearchonmonkeysforneuroplasticitypurposesatthatcenter.
B. WhileAlexspenttimeattheresearchcenter,henoticedtheinhumanetreatmentofthemonkeysundertheAWAandreportedittothepolice.HefiledsuitagainstEdwardTaub,whowasresearchingafferentganglia.EdwardTaubwasconvictedofsixanimalcrueltycharges,whichwereappealedinthesecondtrial.Theyprovedtobesignificantintheunderstandingofthelaw.
C. Whilethiscaseprovidedanadvancementinneurologyresearch,itwasatriskinginhumanetreatmentofanimals.Asthecourtwroteinitsopinion:"Toimplyacauseofactionintheseplaintiffsmightentailseriousconsequences.Itmightopentheuseofanimalsinbiomedicalresearchtothehazardsandvicissitudesofcourtroomlitigation.Itmaydrawjudgesintothesupervisionandregulationoflaboratoryresearch.Itmightunleashaspateofprivatelawsuitsthatwouldimpedeadvancesmadebymedical[sic]scienceinthealleviationofhumansuffering.ToriskconsequencesofthismagnitudeintheabsenceofcleardirectionfromtheCongresswouldbeill-advised.Infact,wearepersuadedthatCongressintendedthattheindependenceofmedicalresearchberespectedandthatadministrativeenforcementgoverntheAnimalWelfareAct."
D. ThetrialforthiscasewasconductedintheUK.
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The Animal Welfare Act was passed in ________ in the UK.
A. 2001
B. 2006
C. 2009
D. 2016
The first systematic toxicity testing conducted on behalf of public authorities in the United States used _____ human volunteers in the first decade of the twentieth century.
A. 6
B. 8
C. 12
D. 15
In _______, J. W. Trevan devised the LD50 test as a way of standardizing biological therapeutics. In this test, fifty to a hundred animals are dosed with the test substance so that approximately half die within two weeks. From this, a median lethal dose with statistical confidence limits can then be calculated.
A. 1917
B. 1923
C. 1927
D. 1935
If we assume that an animal would prefer situations which are linked to pleasant feelings, and avoid situations arousing negative ones, we can indirectly assess feelings by measuring the ____________ of the animal.
A. foods
B. body weights
C. preferences
D. temperatures