下列是有关我国经济发展问题的材料:
材料1
“八五”期间国民生产总值年均增长12%,1995年达到57650亿元。原定2000年比1980年翻两番的目标,已经提前五年实现了。“九五”期间接国民生产总值平均增长8%左右,把握宏观调控力度,保证国民经济持续、快速、健康发展。
摘自《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展“九五”计划和2010年远景目标纲要》
材料2
据测算,每增加1亿元固定资产投资,当年创造的国民生产总值在“六五”期间为3.2亿元,“七五”期间为2.2亿元,“八五”前四年与“七五”期间大体相同。
据测算,1982—1993年,全社会固定资产投资增长率与按现价计算的GNP增长度之比为 1.4:1,按照这个弹性系数,要实现“九五”期间年均增长8%,年均投资率将达到35%左右。
材料3
我国45种主要矿产资源的人均拥有查,只有前苏联的1/5,美国的1/8。从物耗指标看,我国物耗所占比重逐年提高。经对国内12种主要原材料的国民生产总值消耗强度比较,我国原材料消耗强度比美、日、欧等发达国家及地区普遍高5~10倍以上。从能耗指标看,我国每吨标准煤消耗所实现的国民生产总值为710美元,而美、日、法、德、英等发达国家的这一数值为2165~6388美元。
材料4
据测算,1964~1982年,我国科技进步对工业总产值增长速度的贡献率为20%;1980~1994年这一比率为33%,与发达国家目前的50%~70%还有一定差距。
1994年我国汽车年产量仅为140万辆,而汽车制造厂却多达130多家,80%的厂家年产量不足1000辆,最大的东风汽车公司年产量也只有18万辆(1993年)。日本目前年产汽车总量达1300万辆,总产量的80%集中在5家大型汽车企业。
材料 2~4摘自1996年3~5月《经济日报》的有关文章
材料5
北京燕山石油化工公司30万吨乙烯装置是我国从国外引进的第一套大型化工装置,1976年投产至今运行近20年。随着国内石化工业的迅速发展,逐步暴露出技术相对落后,设备日趋老化,产品结构不合理,消耗较高,效益较低的问题。1992年,经国家批准,依托老企业,采用先进技术,对这套装置及其配套设施进行改造和扩建,把30万吨乙烯装置改造成为45万吨,并一次投料试车成功。燕化在建设思想、建设模式、建设方法上,有了创造性的发展,为国民经济的发展做出了重要贡献。
摘自《燕化之路》中国科技出版社(1995年6月)
请回答:
(1)根据材料1~4,扼要说明我国“八五”期间经济增长的特点。
(2)根据材料1~4,指出我国实现“九五”经济增长目标面临哪些矛盾。
(3)根据材料3~5,指出实现“九五”目标的主要途径。
审证资料
JIANGSU YONGTAI TRADE CORPORATION
40 QINHUAI ROAD NANJING CHINA
Post Code:210009 S/C No.:JEO7080109
Fax:86—25—83305418 DATE:Sep.01,2007
TEL:86—25—83305419
SALES CONFIRMATION
To:
ITALY ABC TRADE GROUP
97 WEST 37TH STREET,BRINDISI ITALY.
Dear Sirs,
We hereby confirm having sold to you the following goods on terms and conditions as specified belows:
(1)LOADING PORT&DESTINATION:FROM NANJING TO BRINDISI
(2)TIME OF SHIPMENT:NOT LATER THAN Dec.01,2007
(3)PARTIAL SHIPMENT:NOT ALLOWED
(4)TRANSSHIPMENT:ALLOWED
(5)INSURANCE:FOR 110 PCT OF INVOICE VALUE COVERING ALL RISKS.
(6)TERMS OF PAYMENT:50%BY L/C AT SIGHT,50%BY D/P AT SIGHT
(7)CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN GSP CHINA FORM. A,ISSUED BY THE ENTER—EXIT INSPECTION AN D QUARANTINE OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.
(8)QUALITY/QUANTITY DISCREPANCY:In case of quality discrepancy,claim should be filed by the Buyer within [60 ]days after the arrival of the goods at port of destination:while for quantity discrepancy,claim should be filed by the Buyer within 40 days after the arrival of the goods at port of destination.It is understood that the seller shall not be liable for any discrepancy of the goods shipped due to causes for which the Insurance Company,Shipped Company,other transpor tation organization/or Post Office are liable.
(9)The Seller shall not be held liable for failure of delay in delivery of the entire lot or a portion of the goods under this Sales Confirmation in consequence of any Force Majeure incidents.
(10)The Buver is requested always to quote THE NUMBER OF THIS SALES CONFIRMATION in the letter of Credit to be opened in favour of the Seller.
(11)The Buyer is requested to sign and return one copy of the Sales Confirmation immediately after the receipt of same.Objection,if any,should be raised by the Buyer within five days after the receiPt 0f this Sales Confirmation.in the absence of which it is understood that the Buyer has accepted the terms and condition of the Sales Confirmation.
2.信用证资料
DOCUMENTARY CREDIT
SEQUENCE OF TOTALL *27: l/l
FORM. OF DOC.CREDIT *40A:UNCLEAN
DOC.CREDIT NUMBER *20: UC0734579
DATE OF ISSUE 31C:0709l8
DATE AND PLACE OF EXPIRY *3l D:DATE 071230 PLACE IN THE ITALY
APPLICANT *50:ITALY ABC TRADING GROUP 97 WEST 37th STREET.BRINDISI ITALY.
ISSUING BANK 52A: BANK OF ITALY 33 THE WALL STREET.BRINDISI ITALY
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依据波士顿矩阵分别指出ABC公司的饮料、白酒、肉食加工和生态旅游所属的产品类型。并简要说明理由。