题目内容

In______,the5,386bpgenomeofthebacteriophage φX174wasassembledfromscratch by John C. Venter et al.inabouttwomonths.

A. 2000
B. 2003
C. 2006
D. 2009

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In January ______, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation funded the Woodrow Wilson Center, the Hastings Center, and the J. Craig Venter Institute to examine the public perception, ethics, and policy implications of synthetic biology.

A. 2004
B. 2007
C. 2009
D. 2012

The US Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues issued a report in December _______ titled "New Directions: The Ethics of Synthetic Biology and Emerging Technologies."

A. 2010
B. 2012
C. 2015
D. 2019

In ______, Boeke and colleagues used a similar genome-synthesis approach in yeast, and, in the process of chemical synthesis of two S. cerevisiae chromosome arms. They removed all identified transposons and other unstable elements and included recombinase sites flanking every gene. The right arm of chromosome 9 and the left arm of chromosome 6 of yeast were successfully chemically synthesized.

A. 2008
B. 2010
C. 2011
D. 2016

In 2016, a synthetic chloroplast genome and the chloroplast genome of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii have been successfully introduced into _________ cells, allowing for rapid manipulation or evolution of chloroplasts for higher photosynthetic efficiency.

A. bacterial
B. yeast
C. mouse liver
D. human skin

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