Which of the following best describes the kind of error attributed to Glarthaar in lines 25-28？
A. Insisting on an unwarranted distinction between two groups of individuals in order to render an argument concerning them internally consistent
B. Supporting an argument in favor of a given interpretation of a situation with evidence that is not particularly relevant to the situation
C. Presenting a distorted view of the motives of certain individuals in order to provide grounds for a negative evaluation of their actions
Describing the conditions prevailing before a given event in such a way that the contrast with those prevailing after the event appears more striking than it actually is
E. Asserting that a given event is caused by another event merely because the other event occurred before the given event occurred
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The passage mentions which of the following as an important theme that receives special emphasis in Glarthaar’s book？
A. The attitudes of abolitionist officers in Black units
B. The struggle of Black units to get combat assignments
C. The consequences of the poor medical care received by Black soldiers
D. The motives of officers serving in Black units
E. The discrimination that Black soldiers faced when trying for promotions
The author implies that the title of Glatthaar’s book refers specifically to which of the
A. The sense of pride and accomplishment that Black soldiers increasingly felt as a result of their Civil War experiences
B. The civil equality that African Americans achieved after the Civil War, partly as a result of their use of organizational skills honed by combat
C. The changes in discriminatory army policies that were made as a direct result of the performance of Black combat units during the Civil War
D. The improved interracial relations that were formed by the races’ facing of common dangers and their waging of a common fight during the Civil War
E. The standards of racial egalitarianism that came to be adopted as a result of White Civil War veterans’ repudiation of the previous racism
The passage suggests that Jarvis’ work has called into question which of the following explanatory variables for naked mole rat behavior？
A. Size
B. Age
C. Reproductive status
D. Rate of growth
E. Previously exhibited behavior
The author of the passage quotes the White officer in lines 23-24 primarily in order to provide evidence to support the contention that______
A. virtually all White officers initially had hostile attitudes toward Black soldiers
Black soldiers were often forced to defend themselves from physical attacks initiated by soldiers from White units
C. the combat performance of Black units changed the attitudes of White soldiers toward Black soldiers
D. White units paid especially careful attention to the performance of Black units in battle
E. respect in the army as a whole was accorded only to those units, whether Black or White, that performed well in battle
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