题目内容
听力原文： Do you know what Prince Charles, Seve Ballesteros and Elizabeth Taylor have in common？ They all suffer from chronic back pain. In fact, bad back is one of the most common health problems today, affecting people in all walks of life. The most recent available figures show that about a quarter of a million people are incapacitated with back pain every day.
And many sufferers don't know the cause or the solution to their problem.
The majority of our patients at the clinic tend to be women. They are especially vulnerable because of pregnancy but also because of osteoporosis, which I personally believe to be the major cause of problems for women. I have many women patients who say they have completely given up exercise because the pain makes them so miserable. But of course that starts up a vicious circle. Bed rest, giving up exercise and pain killers are traditional responses to back pain but, although there are many excellent drugs on the market, at our clinic we are beginning to realise the unique benefits of relaxation therapy. Other specialists in the field make a strong case for certain types of exercise, but in our experience they are easily mishandled and can lead to more harm than good.
Now, let's look at some of the reasons why back pain is developing into such a unique menace. In general, the body is pretty good at self-repair. A strain or a blow to a limb, though painful at the time, generally resolves itself. But the body's response to back injury can be very counter-productive. When pain strikes, we attempt to keep the back as immobile as possible, which makes the muscles tense up. Research shows that they often go into spasm, which cause further twisting of the spine. A vicious circle is underway.
The second mistake we often make when stricken with extreme back pain is to go to bed and stay there. Although at the clinic we recognise that a short rest in bed can be helpful… up to two days… any longer makes our back muscles become weaker and unable to hold up our spine. The pain therefore becomes worse.
Another problem is being overweight. Anyone a stone or more overweight who already has back pain is not doing himself any favours: though it won't actually set it off in the first place, the weight will increase the strain and make things worse. The British diet could be partially to blame for the increase in back pain: over the last ten years the average weight of men has risen by 11 lbs. and of women by 9 lbs..
Questions:
16.What is the speaker mainly talking about？
17.According to the speaker, what is the main cause of back pain in women？
18.What does the clinic mainly recommend as treatment for back pain？
19.What is the main difference between back and other parts of the body？
20.According to the speaker, which of the following statements about bed rest is true？
(36)
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A．It paid $ 4 million for a handwritten, illustrated version of "Harry Porter".B．It do
道德规范一般既规定了义务，同时又明确了相对等的权利。 ()
Part B Listening Comprehension
Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
听力原文：M: Julie Ross is the author of Practical Parenting. She has been running parenting workshops for about 18 years now. Hey, Julie. Good morning. Nice to see you.
W: Good morning.
M: So let's go right into some of the things that parents used to do, corporal punishment for example, to try and discipline their kids, at least gain control. Firstly, you say that parents should not say "No" all the time. Try not to focus on the negative. Accentuate the positive. So let's use an example here, my son is playing with the safety pin in the electric socket. I am probably gonna say, Jack, no, don't do that. What's a better way to go about it？
W: Well, I actually believe that "no" should be used in those occasions. It should be our word that we can stop our children on a dime with. But if they get desensitized to it, if it's "no, don't climb on that; no, honey that's a no no", then when you say "no, don't stick that into the socket", they are not gonna be able to listen to it.
M: So only on rare occasions when it's absolutely important to use the word. no. What about the I-message？ In other words, the kids make a mess, instead of saying: You made a mess. Look what you did. Turn it into an I-message, and give me the example of that.
W: I am a big believer in I-messages. And they sound like this. When you throw the ball in the house, I feel annoyed because it could break something. I would like you to play with something else instead. What we wanna do here is we want to make it about us in terms of setting the rules, as parents. We are supposed to be the leaders in the house. And now I-message does refer to I am the parent, I am in charge, and I am comfortable being in charge.
M: Tell me how is this next concept. That is the "when and then" rule—the best example I can think of, your children are eating dinner but they wanna go out and play. OK, so, a lot of people will say, hey, if you eat all of the food on your plate, you can go out and play. What's wrong with that？
W: Children hear the word "if" as a challenge, as a threat. And they will rise to that challenge. It's like "Really？ If ？ OK, let's just test that out". But the either-or, or the when-then choices, when you've done these order things. So that it's a work first, play later. When you've finished the meal, then you can go outside. When you have brushed your teeth, then we can read books.
M: So they don't hear the word "if" as an incentive. They see it as a challenge and they are gonna rebel against it.
W: You bet.
M: What about when people would say something like, parents will end the sentence with OK. Like if you clean up your room, um, we will get ice-cream, OK？ Why is that wrong？
W: What an amount of power that gives to the child! The parents are asking the child’s permission. We are gonna go out, OK？ And the child thinks, oh, well, I have the rights to say yes or no.
M: Then the child is in control.
W: Yeah, absolutely.
M: We should ask for e-mails on this, and get you back here in one day, and just go through, and there will be about a million of them. Julie, thanks very much.
Questions:
1.Which of the following titles best suits the interview？
2.According to the interview, who is the interviewee, Julie Ross？
3.According to the interviewee, when should parents say "no" to their kids？
4.The interviewee says that parents should avoid using IF message. Why is it so？
5.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a tool of child disciplining in the interview？
(21)
从本质上说，回购协议是一种以证券为抵押品的抵押贷款。 ()
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