题目内容

某项目单因素敏感性分析图如下,三个不确定因素Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ,按敏感性由大到小的顺序排列为()。

A. Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅲ
B. Ⅱ-Ⅲ-Ⅰ
C. Ⅲ-Ⅱ-Ⅰ
D. Ⅲ-Ⅰ-Ⅱ

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The author of the passage mentions which of the following as posing an alternative to the

A. Rain forests have always possessed insufficient quantities of carbohydrate-rich resources to support foragers without the aid of agriculturalists.
B. The difficulty of raising carbohydrate-rich plant species in certain areas of the rain forest may have led to the arrest of those species' co-evolution.
C. Trade relationships between agriculturalists and foragers may have been the cause of the disappearance of certain carbohydrate-rich plant species, not vice-versa.
D. Foragers may have been willing to trade carbohydrate-rich plants in exchange for the more nutritious food products of agriculturalists.
Environmental changes in rain forest composition may have led to the loss of certain foraging techniques.

Taking the nation-state as our point of spatial reference, we can differentiate
not only between historiographies on a sub-national level like
villages and cities, but units on a supra-national level. Applied to concrete forms
of historiography, however, we confront at least three kinds of problems that
(5) complicate this scheme, the first of which, the ideological load of some spatial
concepts, was put on the agenda by Edward Said's analysis of the notion of the
"Orient". Said has shown that though most spatial concepts initially appear quite
neutral and innocent, they often carry important ideological and political
implications. Like "the Orient", the notion of "the primitive", "the savage"
(10) and the "barbarian" have fulfilled similar ideological functions in the colonial
encounter, because—like "the Orient"—they were used as the justification of
the domination of "the primitive" by its supposed opposite: the "civilized" part
of the world.
The second problem is that the spatial scope of a historical work is not
(15) always what it seems, especially instances when we would like to assess the
relationship between regional and national historiographies. The microcosm of
the region functions may sometimes be substituted illegitimately for the
macrocosm of the nation—take for instance, the confusion of Holland for the
whole of the Netherlands, a problem that has complicated the classification of
(20) historiographies on basis of spatial markers. The third and perhaps most
troubling problem in our spatial scheme is the essentially contested character of
its central concept: the nation. The nation belongs to the same category as
notions like "freedom" and "democracy" that also refuse unambiguous definition
and the fundamental problem in the discourse on the nation is that the nation
(25) does not necessarily coincide with the state or even with the nation-state.
Sometimes spatial units at a sub-state level, like provinces or tribal areas are
represented as nations, and sometimes nations are represented as supra-national
units, units exceeding the borders of a nation-state.
It is not the task of professional historians to solve these practical issues—
(30) this is a matter of politics—but to clarify the different historical representations
in each case. Historians do not have a special task in solving political problems,
but as professional specialists of the past they have the task of clarifying the
historical roots of political problems, a practice that amounts to the
identification and the integration of the different and often conflicting
(35) perspectives pertaining to present day issues. It is neither realistic nor
reasonable to expect consensus in historiography; as in politics, the most we
can strive for is a sound knowledge of the different points of view, leading to a
maximum of empathy and to mutual understanding of past and present positions.
Which of the following best states the main point of the passage?

A. The approach to the problem of spatial boundaries is plagued by a number of problems that historiographers are obliged to confront.
B. Historiographers can benefit from studying the traditional geography of nations in greater depth.
C. Historiographers should try to refrain from solving the practical issues that arise in the resolution of spatial boundary issues.
D. The categorization and demarcations of geography at the national level is more complicated than that of the sub-national or supra-national level.
E. The spatial demarcation of nations is the most complicated issue in contemporary historiography.

SECTION 3
Directions: Each passage in this group is followed by questions based on its content. After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.
Air turbulence can substantially accelerate the appearance of large droplets
triggering rain by presenting a new mechanism, the "sling effect", which
increases collisions of droplets that have become detached from the airflow.
First, vapor condensation in cloud cores produces small droplets resembling one
(5) another in size, which then expand to raindrop size by coalescing under the
effects of air turbulence—a force thought to cause collisions of similar-sized
droplets whose radii exceed a few micrometers. Then, turbulent vortices act as
small centrifuges that spin heavy droplets out, creating concentration
heterogeneities and jets of droplets, both of which increase the mean collision
(10) rate, which in turn accelerates rain initiation.
One can conclude that rain prediction requires a quantitative description of
droplet collision in turbulence, a mechanism which helps meteorologists to
forecast rainfall, but detailed understanding of the phenomenon entails
consideration of such factors as warm and cold fronts stretching over hundreds
(15) of miles, individual clouds perhaps a mile or so across, and even, as the
mechanism illustrates, tiny eddies perhaps a few centimeters or so in size.
The primary purpose of the passage is to

A. explain and resolve a controversy among meteorologists
B. present and describe a recently discovered phenomenon
C. suggest and prove a theory on the cause of a phenomenon
D. describe and confirm research findings under question
E. discuss and evaluate the soundness of certain experimental observations

SECTION 2
Directions: In each of the following questions, a related pair of words or phrases is followed by five lettered pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair.
ADDENDUM: DOCUMENT ::

A. duplication:original
B. postscript:letter
C. correspondence:epistolary
D. canon:apocrypha
E. epigraph:preface

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