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The author seems to be suspicious of the public-health success because

A. the message that smoking kills isn't voiced loudly enough.
B. unskilled workers are more willing to pay for the heavy tax in cigarettes.
C. single mothers are more likely to use their benefits to buy cigarettes.
D. the positive effects are yielded mostly on the richer population.

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A very important world problem, if not the most serious of all the great world problems which affect us at the moment, is the increasing number of people who actually inhabit this planet. The limited amount of land and land resources will soon be unable to support the huge population if it continues to grow at its present rate.
In an early survey conducted in 1888, a billion and a half people inhabited the earth. Now, the population exceeds five billion and is growing fast—by the staggering figure of 90 million in 1988 alone. This means that the world must accommodate a new population roughly equal to that of the United States and Canada every three years! Even though the rate of growth has begun to slow down, most experts believe the population size will still pass eight billion during the next 50 years.
So why is this huge Increase in population taking place？ It is really due to the spread of the knowledge and practice of what is becoming known as "Death Control". You have no doubt heard of the term "Birth Control"—"Death Control" is something rather different. It recognizes the work of the doctors and scientists who now keep alive people who, not very long ago, would have died of a variety of then incurable diseases. Through a wide variety of technological innovations that include farming methods and sanitation, as well as the control of these deadly diseases, we have found ways to reduce the rate at which we die—creating a population explosion. We used to think that reaching seventy years old was a remarkable achievement, but now eighty or even ninety is becoming recognized as the normal life-span for humans. In a sense, this represents a tremendous achievement for our species. Biologically this is the very definition of success and we have undoubtedly become the dominant animal on the planet. However, this Success is the very cause of the greatest threat to mankind.
Man is constantly destroying the very resources which keep him alive. He is destroying the balance of nature which regulates climate and the atmosphere, produces and maintains healthy soils, provides food from the seas, etc. In short, by only considering our needs of today, we are ensuring there will be no tomorrow.
An understanding of man's effect on the balance of nature is crucial to be able to find the appropriate remedial action. It is a very common belief that the problems of the population explosion are caused mainly by poor people living in poor countries who do not know enough to limit their reproduction. This is not true. The actual number of people in an area is not as important as the effect they have on nature. Developing countries do have an effect on their environment, but it is the populations of richer countries that have a far greater impact on the earth as a whole.
The birth of a baby in, for example, Japan, imposes more than a hundred times the amount of stress on the world's resources as a baby in India. Most people in India do not grow up to own cars or air-conditioners—nor do they eat the huge amount of meat and fish that the Japanese child does. Their life-styles do not require vast quantities of minerals and energy. Also, they are aware of the requirements of the land around them and try to put something back into nature to replace what they take out.
For example, tropical forests are known to be essential to the balance of nature yet we are destroying them at an incredible rate. They are being cleared not to benefit the natives of that country, but to satisfy the needs of richer countries. Central American forests are being destroyed for pastureland to make pet food in the United States cheaper; in Papua New Guinea, forests are destroyed to supply cheaper cardboard packaging for Japanese electronic products; in Burma and Thailand, forests have been destroyed to produce more attractive furniture in Singapore and Japan. Therefore, a rich person liv

A. to put forward the argument that world population has to be reduced.
B. to give a brief history of the growth in world population.
C. to emphasize how quickly the world population is rising.
D. to stress how large the world population is now.

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Whether fire ants are pests or not largely depends on their

A. predatory activities.
B. temporal distribution.
C. spreading speed.
D. geographical distribution.

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Which of the following is NOT a reason for Britain's aggressiveness in the public-health campaign？

A. The government is frustrated in curing smoking-related diseases.
B. The government is keen on eliminating social unfairness.
C. The free health service proves very expensive.
D. The gap between the rich and the poor is very big.

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The researchers choose to carry out their study in traditional societies because

A. people in modern society have less violence than people in traditional ones.
B. fighting in modern societies has nothing to do with left-handedness.
C. violence in modern and traditional societies often takes different forms.
D. the data for analysis in modern society often involves the use of technology.

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The author seems to be suspicious of the public-health success because

A. the message that smoking kills isn't voiced loudly enough. B. unskilled workers are more willing to pay for the heavy tax in cigarettes. C. single mothers are more likely to use their benefits to buy cigarettes. D. the positive effects are yielded mostly on the richer population.

Whether fire ants are pests or not largely depends on their

Which of the following is NOT a reason for Britain's aggressiveness in the public-health campaign？

The researchers choose to carry out their study in traditional societies because

A. the message that smoking kills isn't voiced loudly enough.
B. unskilled workers are more willing to pay for the heavy tax in cigarettes.
C. single mothers are more likely to use their benefits to buy cigarettes.
D. the positive effects are yielded mostly on the richer population.