题目内容
One problem of eliciting knowledge from several experts is that experts may share only parts of their terminologies and conceptual systems. Experts may use the same term for different concepts, use different terms for the same concept, use the same term for the same concept, or use different terms and have different concepts. Moreover, clients who use an expert system have even less likelihood of sharing terms and concepts with the experts who produced it. This paper outlines a methodology for eliciting and recognizing such individual differences. It can be used to focus discussion between experts on those differences between them which require resolution, enabling them to classify them in terms of differing terminologies, levels of abstraction, disagreements, and so on. The methodology promotes th6 full exploration of the conceptual framework of a domain of expertise by encouraging experts to operate in a "brain-storming" mode as a group, using differing viewpoints to develop a rich framework. It reduces social pressures forcing an invalid consensus by providing objective analysis of separately elicited conceptual systems.
What is the main purpose of the following passage？
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Hi Jack,
If character animation is what you're into, I highly suggest you not overlook traditional drawing as a means of developing that art.
I watched the animations on your site, and I can see some promising stuff there, but overall, I don't get a sense of life. Your keys seem very linear, especially in your 3-minute piece with the wizard; there are lots of frozen poses, and unmotivated pauses in the movement. The computer is full of tools to overcome those issues—one of which is the curve editor. I don't know what software you use, but any animation software these days will have a Function Curve editor, which is basically a graph of all your animation that you can edit. This is where you take your key frames and tell the computer how to draw the inbetweens. I do a lot of my overlapping action with just these curves, moving existing key frames around. On another note—that Photoshop composite with the skier is excellent!
—Marco
Which of the following does the author NOT suggest m Jack？
For an instant the King stood as ______ and white as though the hand of death had reached
Gang Crime
Living in a large urban center often equates to living near or within the criminal epicenter, especially for inner-city dwellers where crime is most concentrated. That means that killing is an everyday occurrence, and it has been that way in Los Angeles for decades, and during the late 1980s and early 1990s the City of Los Angeles averaged 2.73 murders per day. But what can be done about the recent increase in crime and the murders taking place？ Much of what I hear is pure rhetoric and posturing with very little long-term solutions.
When crime was reaching record low numbers from the mid- to late-1990s, everyone was taking credit. Hahn and his gang injunction strategy, three strikes, community policing, stricter gun laws, heavier sentencing, more prisons and grass roots organizations. Are we now experiencing a breakdown in all those institutions and policies simultaneously？ Now all you hear and see is finger pointing and name blaming of others for the recent street killings. For example Mr. Hayes, an advocate in Los Angeles, believes that the black leadership in Los Angeles includes Danny Bakewell of the Brotherhood Crusade, Rev. Chip Murray of the First AME Church, and Congresswoman Maxine Waters, for creating a community of dissension that is frustrated with the establishment where race is a central issue that has resulted in minority youths lashing back violently. Mr. Hayes brings up some excellent points regarding the selfish political agendas of these people, including Jesse Jackson who has been associated as a shakedown artist that has been successful at convincing corporations to large financial settlements for alleged racism, but Hayes' link between the recent crime spike and the selfish political agendas of so-called leaders, is poorly thought out, and flat out wrong. The Black political leadership has been operating in the same fashion since the early 1970s when Mayor Tom Bradley was in office and throughout the 1990s when crime was an insignificant political topic the Black leadership was doing the same thing. Nothing is new Mr. Hayes.
Larry Elder, radio talk show personality, has simplified this problem as a law enforcement issue. He states that having more officers will equal more arrests resulting in less crime. The LAPD is believed to have one of the smallest police forces for a large city and it has been a political hot topic for over 20 years but this issue only makes headlines when crime increases. We must not forget the results of suppression techniques that poured more officers on the streets, such as former Chief Daryl Gate's Operation Hammer where intensive gang sweeps were implemented from 1988—1990. Additionally former Chief Willie Williams attempted aggressive police strategies in 1995 and both these Chiefs drastically failed in their efforts. More police officers have never been the answer to increased crime.
In the first paragraph, the author seems to allude to
Budget for Amusement
Disneyland, Knott's Berry Farm, Magic Mountain, the State Fair, amusement parks... all of these are great family destinations, yet the cost of the admission ticket alone can put a severe crimp in the family budget. Once at the park children are so tempted by the wide array of food and gift choices that a day intended for family fun can sometimes turn into an unpleasant nag lest. While it is a parent's job to say "no" at appropriate times, saying no during a special day intended for family togetherness can definitely diminish the fun for both adult and child.
When our children were in early elementary school we came up with a plan that took the "yes" and "no" spending decision out of our hands, and placed it into theirs.
We were off to Disneyland, and during previous visits our son would badger us for a treat each time we passed a vendor, or nagged us to buy souvenirs from the various shops. Before going to the amusement park we told our children how much we could afford to spend for the day. We then explained that we would be giving them each their share of the money, and it would be totally their decision how to spend it. The money would cover any of the day's food, beverages or souvenirs. If they wanted to spend the entire amount on frozen bananas, that was their choice.
To avoid the possibility of our children losing their money, we placed their funds in separate envelopes, and I offered to keep it for them. Whenever they wanted to buy something, they just needed to ask for the money.
It was interesting how differently our two children budgeted their portion. Our daughter, three years younger than her brother, was barely old enough to add, breezed through the day. At lunchtime she allotted money for her food and beverage, and managed to buy a snack and souvenirs. Our son, who usually found something he had to have at every corner, turned into a nervous miser. At lunchtime he wouldn't even splurge for a soda, and when he saw something he wanted to buy, he studied it until he decided he didn't need it.
By the end of the day our daughter had spent her share, and seemed quite pleased with the choices she'd made. Our son, who had spent very little, was suddenly frantic to buy something (anything) with his remaining cash. I felt a little sorry for him, because while my wife and I had an enjoyable day, free from the responsibility of monitoring our children's spending, his day was spent dealing with the consequences of his choices.
The author is concerned about
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