题目内容
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.
听力原文： The Yugoslav army is prepared to repel any cross-border armed attacks on the country as it is authorized to do under the constitution, said a statement issued yesterday by the army press bureau.
NATO yesterday again threatened military action against Yugoslavia under the pretext of resolving the Kosovo crisis. The statement noted NATO deployed 10,000 to 12,000 troops in neighboring Macedonia and a large number of naval and air forces in the Mediterranean Sea and the Balkan region.
The degree of the Yugoslav army's involvement in Kosovo is in line with the degree of danger there, and the army's activities pose no threat to neighboring countries and local residents, the statement said.
Once the "terrorists" in Kosovo cease their provocative activities and NATO gives up its military threats, Yugoslavia will pull out its troops immediately, it added.
Ambassadors of the 19 NATO countries voted yesterday to extend alliance Secretary-General Javier Solana's authority to order air strikes on Yugoslav targets, diplomats said.
The ambassadors first granted Solana the power to authorize NATO military action in January.
US envoy Richard Holbrooke was in Belgrade to send a "start message" to Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic to convince the latter to accept a peace deal for Kosovo. Otherwise, Yugoslavia would face NATO air raids.
"We are… on the brink of military action," said Holbrooke.
He met in Brussels with the French, British and German foreign ministers, as well as Solana and Supreme Commander General Wesley Clark.
A senior NATO general said yesterday the military alliance could launch a long and protracted bombing campaign against Yugoslav forces if Milosevic did not agree to a Kosovo peace plan.
"We have a very substantial and detailed plan for such an air campaign which can be rather long and protracted," said General Klaus Naumann, NATO's military chief of staff.
Naumann said NATO could launch air strikes within hours, but refused to comment further on military planning, saying it was important to retain an element of surprise.
According to the statement made by the Yugoslav army press bureau, Yugoslavia will pull out its troops immediately on condition that______.
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For hundreds of years, farmers have selected and bred plants and animals to favor, or bring out, characteristics they desired. For example, cows that produced large amounts of milk were selected for breeding, while poor milk producers were not allowed to reproduce. In like manner, horses were bred for speed and strength. Those having these desired characteristics were selected for breeding. Over time, these preferred breeds became more common than earlier, less desired types. This selective breeding is called artificial selection.
In this passage, Camp and Arms explain how this same process occurs naturally. The theory of evolution by natural selection was put forward in a joint presentation of the views of Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallace before the Linnaean Society of London in 1858. Darwin and Wallace were not the first to suggest that evolution occurred; but their names are linked with the idea of evolution because they proposed the theory of natural se- lection as the mechanism by which evolution occurs. We are always more likely to believe in a process when people explain how it happens than if they merely assert that it does.
The theory of evolution by means of natural selection is based on three observations. First, as we can see by comparing one cat or human being with another, the members of a species differ from one another; that is, there is variation among individuals of the same species. Second, some (though not all) of the differences between individuals are inherited. (Other differences are not inherited, but are caused by different environments. For in- stance, two plants with identical genes may grow to different sizes if one of them is planted in poor soil. ) Third, more organisms are born than live to grow up and reproduced many organisms die as embryos or seeds, as saplings, nestlings, or larvae.
Inherited characteristics that improve an organism's chances of living and reproducing will be more common in the next generation and those that decrease its chances of reproducing will be less common. Various genes or combinations of genes will be naturally selected for or against, from one generation to the next, depending on how they affect reproductive potential. For natural selection to cause a change in a population from one generation to the next (that is, to cause evolution), it is not necessary that all genes affect survival and reproduction; the same result occurs if just some genes make an individual more likely to grow up and reproduce.
The main difference between natural and artificial selection is that human beings______.
The subject of my study is women who are initiating social change in a small region in Texas. The women are Mexican Americans who are, or were, migrant agricultural workers. There is more than one kind of innovation at work in the region, of course, but I have chosen to focus on three related patterns of family behavior.
The pattern I life style. represents how migrant farm workers of all nationalities lived in the past and how many continue to live. I treat this pattern as a baseline with which to compare the changes represented by pattern Ⅱ and Ⅲ. Families in pattern I work and travel in extended kin units, with the eldest male occupying the position of authority. Families are large and no children are unusual. And all members are economic contributors in this strategy of family migration. Families in pattern Ⅱ manifest some differences in behavior. while still maintaining aspects of pattern I. They continue to migrate but on a reduced scale, often modifying their schedules of migration to allow children to finish the school year. Parents in this pattern often find temporary local jobs as checkers to make up for lost farming income. Pattern Ⅱ families usually have fewer children than do pattern I families.
The greatest amount of change from pattern I, however, is in pattern III families, who no longer migrate at all. Both parents work full time in the area and have an average of three children. Children attend school for the entire year. In pattern Ⅲ, the women in particular create new roles for them selves for which no local models exist. They not only work full time but may, in addition, return to school. They also assume a greater responsibility in family decisions than do women in the other pat terns. Although these women are in the minority among residents of the region, they serve as role models for others, causing moderate changes to spread in their communities.
Now opportunities have continued to be determined by pre-existing values. When federal jobs became available in the region, most involved working under the direction of female professionals such as teachers or nurses. Such positions were unaccepted to many men in the area because they were not accustomed to being subordinate to women. Women therefore took the jobs, at first, be cause the income was desperately needed. But some of the women decided to stay at their jobs, at first, after the family' s distress was over. These women enjoyed their work, its responsibility, and the companionship of fellow women workers. The steady, relatively high income allowed their families to stop migrating. And, as the benefits to these women became increasingly apparent, they and their families became even more willing to consider changes in their lives that they would not have considered before.
Which of the following titles best reflects the main focus of the passage？
How did Jane spend her days before she went back to work7
Every place is different. That is 【21】______ makes geography so interesting. It 【22】______ us to new places, to different ways of living 【23】______ the land, to new ways of thinking about the 【24】______ . Indeed, it shows us new ways of thinking about ourselves 【25】______ our environment. Like travel, it is 【26】______ . It gives us new experiences and 【27】______ our understanding.
In comparing the study of geography to travel, 【28】______ should also note the importance of maps. Like the vacationing-motorist, geographers feel much more 【29】______ with a good map. Maps are 【30】______ the most important tools of the 【31】______ trade. The ability to read and use maps is a 【32】______ skill that you will 【33】______ for driving, reading the newspaper, and doing many 【34】______
The study of geography will help you to improve your map reading skills. 【35】______ that is only the beginning. The real value of geography is 【36】______ it will give you a special way of 【37】______ at the world.
A geographical outlook can help you understand 【38】______ , your neighbors and the world. It can make you sensitive 【39】______ your environment and excited enough to really are. People with knowledge and concern can 【40】______ our world better to live in.
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