题目内容
“太快人心事，揪出‘四人帮’。政治流氓、文痞、狗头军师张，还有精生白骨， 自比则天武后，铁帚扫而光。篡党夺权者；一枕梦黄粱；……”
——摘引自郭沫若《水调歌头.粉碎四人帮》 1976年10月21
请回答：
(1)何时、何人揪出了“四人帮”？
(2)“四人帮”的被揪出，标志着什么？
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听力原文： People acquire knowledge, skills, habits, values, or attitudes through education. Education helps people become useful members of society. It also helps them know their cultural tradition and live more enjoyable lives. The most common way to get an education is to attend school. But much education also takes place outside the classroom.
People acquire knowledge, skills,【11】, values, or attitudes through education. Education helps people become【12】members of society. It also helps them know their cultural tradition and live more【13】lives. The most common way to get an education is to【14】school. But much education also takes place【15】the classroom.
Sleepless at Night
It was a normal summer night. Humidity (湿气) hung in the thick air. I couldn&39;t go to sleep,partly because of my cold and partly because of my expectations for the next day. My mum had said that tomorrow was going to be a surprise.
Sweat stuck to my aching body. Finally, I gathered enough strength to sit up. I looked out of my small window into the night. There was a big bright moon hanging in the sky, giving off a magic light.
I couldn&39;t stand the pressure anymore, so I did what I always do to make myself feel better. I went to the bathroom and picked up my toothbrush and toothpaste. I cleaned my teeth as if there was no tomorrow. Back and forth, up and down.
Then I walked downstairs to look for some signs of movement, some life. Gladiator, my cat frightened me as he meowed (喵喵地唱出) his sad song. He was on the old orange couch (长沙发) , sitting up on his front legs, waiting for something to happen. He looked at me as if to show "I&39;m lonely, pet me. I need a good hug (紧抱) ." Even the couch begged me to sit on it.
In one movement I settled down onto the soft couch. This couch represented my parents&39;
marriage, my birth, and hundreds of other little events.
As ! held Gladiator, my heart started beating heavily. My mind was flooded with questions:
What&39;s life？ Am I really alive？ Are you listening to me？ Every time I moved my hand down Gladiator&39;s body, I had a new thought; each touch sang a different song.
I forgot all about the heat and the next day&39;s surprise. The atmosphere was so full of warmth and silence that I sank into its arms. Falling asleep with the big cat in my arms, I felt all my worries slowly move away.
The author of the passage could not go to sleep partly because ___________. 查看材料
听力原文： I am honored to be here today,【L1】______Harvard at this celebration of the College Boards half century of working to promote【L2】______and equal opportunity in higher education. Before I say anything else, I want to thank everyone in the room for the work you do every day to make college【L3】______, available, and【L4】______for millions of young people across the country. I want to focus my remarks on a matter of【L5】______to American familiesand to the future of the nation -- restoring education to its proper role as a【L6】______to equal opportunity and【L7】______in our society. This has been an【L8】______in higher education, with great and creative efforts made by many institutions. Earlier this year, we announced a new【L9】______at Harvard aimed at the students from families of low and【L10】______income. Under our new program, families with incomes of【L11】______will no longer be expected to contribute to the cost of attending Harvard for their children. Families with incomes of less than $ 60,000 will also see their【L12】______reduced. We are proud of this effort at Harvard, but we are aware that the programs of individual institutions with means can never be a substitute for our shared【L13】______to provide adequate funding for Pell grants and other financial aid, and for the state and community college systems that make higher education【L14】______and affordable for the【L15】______. There is something empty about【L16】______initiatives that may be right for one institution without attention to their broader impact.【L17】______, we【L18】______if we urge changes in national policy without doing what we can on our own campuses. In this spirit, I want to【L19】______today a problem that is emerging with【L20】______in this nation.
【L1】______Harvard at this celebration of the College Boards
Intelligence: a Changed View
1 Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its value therefore, was as a predic- tor of children&39;s future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education.
2 Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years,research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence it- self. There is considerable evidencenow which shows the great influence of environment both on a- chievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.
3 There are evidences that support the view that we have to distinguish between genetic intelli- gence and observed intelligence. Any deficiency in the appropriate genes will restrict development no matter how stimulating the environment. We cannot observe and measure innate intelligence, whereas we can measure the effects of the interaction of whatever is inherited with whatever stimu- lation has been received from the environment. Researches have been investigation what happens in this interaction.
4 Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the devel- opment of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 per cen
of measurable intelhgence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, the most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child re- lationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between "privileged". and "disadvan- taged" children may be due to the latter&39;s lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.
5 These research findings have led to a revision in our understanding of the nature of intelli- gence. Instead of it being some largely inherited fixed power of the mind,we now see it as a set of developed skills which a person copes with any environment. These skills have to be learned and, indeed,one of them is learning how to learn.
6 The modern ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes, fewer children will be given the label" low IQ"which must inevitably condemn a child in his own,if not society&39;s eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is ac- cepted by more and more people.
paragraph 2__________. 查看材料
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