Which of the following about comets is INCORRECT?
A. They are great in number.
B. Their arrivals used to frighten human beings.
C. They are named after their discoverers.
D. They are large mushy snowballs of frozen ices and gases.
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
Several years ago, at the height of the dotcom boom, it was widely assumed that a publishing revolution, in which the printed word would be supplanted by the computer screen, was just around the corner. It wasn't: for many, there is still little to match the joy of reading a printed book and settling down for one hour. But recently some big technology companies, including Google, Amazon, Microsoft and Yahoo, contend that the dream of bringing books online is still very much alive.
The digitizing of thousands of volumes of print is not without controversy. On Thursday, Google, the world' s most popular search engine, posted a first installment of books on Google Print. This collaborative effort between Google and several world's leading research libraries aims to make books available to be searched and read online free of charge. Although the books included so far are not covered by copyright, the plan has attracted the rage of publishers.
Five large book firms are suing Google for violating copyright on material that it has scanned and, although out of print, is still protected by law. Google has said that it will only publish short extracts from material under copyright unless given express permission to publish more, but publishers are unconvinced. Ironically, many publishers are collaborating with Google Print Publisher, which aims to give readers an online taste of books that are commercially available. The searchable collection of extracts and book information is intended to tempt readers to buy the complete books online or in print form.
Amazon, the world's largest online retailer, has made plans to enter the mass e-book market by selling a vast array of goods. Given that Google should impinge upon its central territory, Amazon revealed that it would introduce two new services. Amazon Pages will allow customers to search for key terms in selected books and then buy and read online whatever part they wish. Amazon Upgrade will give customers online access to books they have already purchased as hard copies. Customers are likely to have to pay five cents a page, with the bulk going to the publisher.
Microsoft has also joined the online-book trend. In October, the software giant said it would spend around $ 200 million to digitize texts, starting with I50,000 that are in the public domain, to avoid legal problems. It will do so in collaboration with the Open Content Alliance. And on Thursday, coincidentally the same day as Google and Amazon announced their initiatives, Microsoft released details of a deal with the British Library, the country's main reference library, to digitize some 25 million pages ; these will be made available through MSN Book Search, which will be launched next year.
What is the text talking about?
A. The goods of Google.
B. The differences between books printed and books online.
C. Some big technology companies bring plans on the e-books.
D. The publishers don't agree with the e-books plan.
城镇体系概念的深层含义是()。A.一定区域内在经济、社会和空间发展上具有有机联系的城市群体B.城镇城镇体系概念的深层含义是()。
A. 一定区域内在经济、社会和空间发展上具有有机联系的城市群体
B. 城镇体系的核心是中心城市,没有一个具有一定经济社会影响力的中心城市,就不可能形成有现代意义的城镇体系
C. 城镇体系是由一定数量的城镇所组成。的。城镇之间存在着性质、规模和功能方面的差别,即各城镇都有自己的特色,而这些差别和特色则是依据各城镇在区域发展条件的影响和制约下,通过客观的和人为的作用而形成的区域分工产物
D. 城镇体系最本质的特点是相互联系,从而构成一个有机整体
E. 城镇体系是以一个相对完整区域内的城镇群体为研究对象,不同的区域有不同的城镇体系
Going back in time to【6】roots doesn't help. First came the Celts, then the Romans, then Angles, Saxons, Jutes, Danes. Invasion after invasion, until the Norman Conquest. English national identity only seemed to find its【7】later, on the shifting sands of expansionism, from Elizabethan times onwards. The empire seemed to seal it. But now there's just England,【8】of a green island in the northern seas, lashed by rain, scarred by two【9】of vicious industrialization fallen【10】dereliction, ruined, as D.H. Lawrence thought, by "the tragedy of ugliness," its abominable architecture.
Of all English institutions, the one to【11】on would surely be the pub. Shelter to Chaucer's pilgrims, home to Falstaff and Hal, throne of felicity to Dr. Johnson, the pub- that smoky, yeasty den of jollity-is the womb of【12】, if anywhere is. Yet in the midst of this national【13】crisis, the pub, the mainstay of English life, a staff driven【14】into the sump of history,【15】as the Saxons, is suddenly dying and evolving at【16】rates. Closing at something like a rate of more than three a day, pubs have become【17】enough that for the first time since the Domesday Book, more than half the villages in England no longer have one. It's a rare pub that still【18】, or even limps on, by being what it was【19】to be: a drinking establishment. The old【20】of a pub as a place for a "session," a lengthy, restful, increasingly tipsy evening of swigging, is all but defunct.
(1)
A. reeling
B. struggling
C. running
D. passing