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【C5】
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SECTION B INTERVIEW
Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.
Now listen to the interview.
听力原文： An interview with Helena Norberg-Hodge, about her work in a pristine, ancient Himalayan culture as it faced the siren song of western-style. development. Share International US editor Monte Leach spoke with Norberg-Hodge on her recent visit to the San Francisco Bay Area.
Share International: How did you first get involved with helping to preserve the Ladakhi culture？
Helena Norberg-Hodge: I trekked into remote valleys and spoke to Ladalthi people everywhere. I saw quite a remarkable self-reliant wealth and above all an amazing self-esteem of people who were models of what it means to feel completely secure in their own identity and place. They seemed to be the most open, happy and humble people. And they told me they had never known hunger. They had a standard of living much higher than I would have expected, none of it from so-called progress.
SI: How did their way of life begin to be undermined？
HNH: The Indian Government had a territorial dispute with the Chinese, and decided to develop this area as a way of ensuring that it became a closer part of India. Their approach to development was based on a Western model which had nothing to do with local knowledge and resources, This included pushing chemical fertilizers and pesticides, including DDT and other outlawed pesticides. It meant subsidizing white rice and white sugar from the outside. These subsidies for imported food were destroying local food production, and creating a total dependence on imports. It was making the region very vulnerable. Subsidized fossil fuels like kerosene and coal being brought in to heat houses also led to subsidized transport. It meant that roads the government was building were actually destroying the local economy.
Tourism also became part of the Indian Government's plan to develop the area. Nearly every foreigner who came there was just amazed by how peaceful, happy and beautiful the place and people were. The foreigners would say: "Oh, what a paradise. What a pity it has to be destroyed." When I heard this for something like the 100th time, something within me snapped. I was closely involved with the local people, and I knew not a single one of them thought of this as destruction. Not a single local person ever said: "What a pity we have to be destroyed." I realized the foreigners had seen that in the rest of the world this type of economic growth could be very destructive. I also realized the local people knew nothing about it. Around that time I read a book called Small is Beautiful. It gave me the conviction that things could be done differently and meeting the outside world didn't have to mean destruction.
I started talking to the local people about what development had meant in other parts of the world. I realized they were getting a completely wrong view of what life was like in the West. They were saying: "My God, you must be incredibly wealthy." They were getting an impression that we never need to work, that we have infinite wealth and leisure. It is not that they were unintelligent, but they had limited information about this other world.
That led me to realize that I could do work which would provide more accurate information. My goal was not to tell the Ladakhis what to do, not even to tell them that they should stay exactly the way they were, but to provide as much information as possible on what life is really like in the West. That included information on our problems of pollution, unemployment, and poverty, and that a lot of the poverty in the so-called Third World was due to our wealth in the developed world. I also wanted to show that
Male lions axe rather reserved about expending their energy in hunting. More than three quarters of kills are made by lionesses. Setting off【C1】______dusk on a hunt, the lionesses are in【C2】______, tensely scanning ahead, the young lions fall playfully behind, and the【C3】______bring up the rear, walking slowly, their massive【C4】______nodding with each step as ff they【C5】______with the whole matter. But【C6】______may have survival value.【C7】______lionesses busy hunting, the males【C8】______as guards for the young ,【C9】______them particularly from hyenas (袋狼). Hunting lionesses have learnt to【C10】______their environment. Darkness【C11】______them with cover, and at dusk they【C12】______wait near animals they want to kill【C13】______their outlines blend into the surroundings. Small prey(猎物)present lions with no【C14】______. They are simply grabbed with the paws. A【C15】______technique is used with【C16】______animals, such as wildebeest (角马). Usually a lioness pulls her prey down【C17】______running up behind【C18】______, and then seizes it【C19】______the throat. Or she may place her mouth over the muzzle (动物之鼻口) of a drowned animal,【C20】______it.
【C1】
Part B
Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE.
听力原文： When a consumer finds that all itern she or he bought is broken or in some other way does not reach the standard of the manufacturer's claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty. or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumers may use to gain satisfaction.
A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the“higher, up”the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be tackled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.
Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they can not get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.
Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the itern in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear”is better than“this stereo does not work”.
The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a stemp further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers'rights.
When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, what is the first thing he should do？
Part A
Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10.
听力原文： Every year there are reports of people dying as the result of extremely hot weather．Many of the victims are old persons，whose hearts or breathing systems decline．But many die from lack of water．
Water is necessary for life and good health．We often forget this fact when we think about the other building blocks of life such as vitamins，minerals and proteins．We can live for many days without eating，but two or three days without water usually leads to death．
The human body may look solid．but most of it is water．New born babies are as much as 85% water．Women are about 65% water and men about 75%．Women usually have less water than men because women，in general，have more fat cells．and fat cells hold less water than other kinds of cells．
Water does many different things to keep us healthy．It carries hormones，antibodies and foods through the body，and carries away waste materials．That is why different parts of the body contain different amounts of water．For example．blood is 83% water．muscles are 75% water，the brain is 74%．and bones are 25%．
Water is also necessary for cooling the body under hot weather and when we are working hard or exercising，water carries body heat to the surface of the skin，where the heat is lost through perspiration．Researchers say cool liquids cool us faster than warm liquids，because cold liquids take up more heat inside the body and carry it away faster：They say，however，that cold sweet drinks do not work well because the sugar slows the liquid from getting into the blood-stream．
Researchers also note that fat cells block body heat from escaping quickly．Fat cells under the skin act like warm clothing to keep body heat inside．This is why overweight people have a more easy time staying cool than thin people．
The body loses water every day through perspiration and urine．If we lose too much．we will become sick．A 10% drop in body water can cause the blood system to fail．A 15%～20% drop usually leads to death．To replace what is lost，health experts say growing persons should drink about 2 liters of liquids each day，and more in hot weather．They say we can also get some of the water we need in the foods we eat．Most fruits and vegetables are more than 80% water．Meats are 50%～60% water．And even bread is about 33% water．Water may be one of the most simple of all chemical substances，but it is the most important substance that we put into our bodies．
Water is a kind of chemical substance.
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