Pathogenic mechanisms involved in tuberculosis can be primarily attributed to which of the following
A. toxin production by the mycobacteria
B. specific cell adhesion sites
C. cell-mediated hypersensitivity
D. humoral immunity
E. clogging of alveoli by large numbers of acid-fast mycobacteria
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What test could you do that would immediately indicate that the patient had TB
A. Gram stain of throat swab
B. Gram stain of sputum
C. Acid-fast stain of sputum
D. Australia antigen
What result would you expect, based on the finding of acid-fast bacteria, from the PPD test, and when?
A. redness and swelling (>15mm) at the site of injection after 12hours
B. redness and swelling (>15mm) at the site of injection after 24hours
C. redness and swelling (>15mm) at the site of injection after 3 days
D. no reaction at the site of injection
Tuberculin test is positive, while the result did not demonstrate any acid-fact bacteria (AFB) in a good sputum sample, what would it mean?
A. the individual definitely does not have active disease, it is an immunological cross-reaction
B. the individual has active TB now, but has not had it in the past
C. he has received BCG
D. the individual has been infected but has no active disease
E. either C or D is correct
How is Mycobacterium tuberculosis grown
A. the footpad of the armadillo
B. anaerobically on nutrient broth agar
C. in 5% carbon dioxide at room temperature
D. in 5% carbon dioxide at 37 degrees on Lowenstein-Jensen medium
E. In cultures of human macrophages
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