在某大型理发店,所有的理发师都是北方人,所有的女员工都是南方人,所有的已婚者都是女员工,所以,所有的已婚者都不是理发师。下面哪一项为真,将证明上述推理的前提至少有一个是假的
A. 该店内有一位出生在北方的未婚的男性理发师。
B. 该店内有一位不是理发师的未婚女员工。
C. 该店内有一位出生南方的女理发师。
D. 该店内有一位出生南方的已婚女员工。
E. 该店内有一位出生南方的未婚女员工。
一些麋鹿的骨盆骨与所有猪的骨盆骨具有许多相同的特征。虽然不是所有的麋鹿都有这些特征,但是一些动物学家声称,所有具有这些特征的动物都是麇鹿。如果以上陈述和动物学家的声明都是真的,以下哪项也一定是真的
A. 麋鹿与猪的相似之处要多于它与其他动物的相似之处。
B. 一些麋鹿与猪在其他方面的不同之处要少得多。
C. 所有动物,如果它们的骨盆骨具有相同的特征,那么它们的其他骨骼部位一般也会具有相同或相似的特征。
D. 所有的猪都是麋鹿。
E. 所有的麋鹿都是猪。
某单位组织职工游览上海世博园。所有参观沙特馆的职工都未能参观德国馆。凡参观沙特馆的职工也未能参观日本馆。有些参观丹麦馆的职工参观了德国馆,有些参观丹麦馆的职工参观了日本馆,有些参观丹麦馆的职工参观了沙特馆。如果以上陈述为真,下面哪项关于该单位职工的陈述必然为真
A. 有些参观了日本馆的职工未能参观德国馆。
B. 有些参观了德国馆的职工既没参观日本馆,也没有参观丹麦馆。
C. 有些参观了丹麦馆的职工既没有参观德国馆,也没有参观日本馆。
D. 所有参观丹麦馆的职工或参观了德国馆,或参观了日本馆,或参观了沙特馆。
E. 所有参观日本馆的职工都未参观德国馆。
Historians have only recently begun to note the increase in demand for luxury goods and services that took place in 18th-century England. McKendrick has explored the Wedgwood firm’s remarkable success in marketing luxury pottery; Plumb has written about the proliferation of provincial theaters, musical festivals, and children’s toys and books. While the fact of this consumer revolution is hardly in doubt, three key questions remain: Who were the consumers What were their motives And what were the effects of the new demand for luxuries An answer to the first of these has been difficult to obtain. Although it has been possible to infer from the goods and services actually produced what manufactures and servicing trades thought their customers wanted, only a study of relevant personal documents written by actual consumers will provide a precise picture of who wanted what. We still need to know how large this consumer market was and how far down the social scale the consumer demand for luxury goods penetrated. With regard to this last question, we might note in passing that Thompson, while rightly restoring laboring people to the stage of 18th-century English history, has probably exaggerated the opposition of these people to the inroads of capitalist consumerism in general; for example, laboring people in eighteenth-century England readily shifted from home-brewed beer to standardized beer produced by huge, heavily capitalized urban breweries. To answer the question of why consumers became so eager to buy, some historians have pointed to the ability of manufacturers to advertise in a relatively uncensored press. This, however, hardly seems a sufficient answer. McKendrick favors a Veblen model of conspicuous consumption stimulated by competition for status. The "middling sort" bought goods and services because they wanted to follow fashions set by the rich. Again, we may wonder whether this explanation is sufficient. Do not people enjoy buying things as a form of self-gratification If so, consumerism could be seen as a product of the rise of new concepts of individualism and materialism(a preoccupation with or stress upon material rather than intellectual or spiritual things), but not necessarily of the frenzy for conspicuous competition. Finally, what were the consequences of this consumer demand for luxuries McKendrick claims that it goes a long way toward explaining the coming of the Industrial Revolution. But does it What, for example, does the production of high-quality pottery and toys have to do with the development of iron manufacture or textile mills It is perfectly possible to have the psychology and reality of a consumer society without a heavy industrial sector. That future exploration of these key questions is undoubtedly necessary should not, however, diminish the force of the conclusion of recent studies: the insatiable demand in eighteenth-century England for frivolous as well as useful goods and services foreshadows our own world. According to the text, 18th-century England and the contemporary world of the text readers are______.
A. dissimilar in the extent to which luxury consumerism could be said to be widespread among the social classes
B. dissimilar in their definitions of luxury goods and services
C. dissimilar in the extent to which luxury goods could be said to be stimulant of industrial development
D. similar in their strong demand for a variety of goods and services