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团队作业第二组2. 共价和杂化共价键： 两个氢原子彼此靠近时，它们的1s原子轨道相互作用形成一个成键和一个反键轨道（MO）。当1对电子填充到成键中且反键轨道为空轨道时，便形成一根稳定的共价键。σ 键： 两个原子轨道头对头重叠形成一个横截面为圆形的键，即为σ键，σ键是一种强键。杂化： 碳原子的电子排布意味着碳应该形成2根键。然而，众所周知碳生成的是4根键。在有机结构中，它可以通过被称之为杂化的过程，“混合”价层的2s 和2p轨道。3种可能的杂化方式为：sp3，sp2和sp杂化。
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团队作业第一组1. 碳原子的结构原子轨道： 碳原子有6个可占用的原子轨道，即第一层的s轨道，第二层的s轨道和3个p轨道。1s和2s轨道是球形的。2p轨道呈哑铃形，根据它们的取向可以区分为2px，2py和2pz轨道。能 级： 1s轨道的能量低于2s轨道，而2s轨道的能量低于2p轨道。2p轨道能级相同（它们是简并轨道）。电子排布： 碳位于周期表第二周期，其6个电子在进入较高能级轨道之前首先填充较低能级的原子轨道（能量最低原理）。每个轨道最多可容纳2个自旋相反的电子（泡利（Pauli）不相容原理）。如果轨道的能级相同，电子将占据尽可能多的轨道（洪德（Hund）规则）。因此，碳原子的电子排布为1s22s22px12py1。
Dialogue OneInterviewer: Good morning.Applicant: Good morning. I’m Yang Hai. I’ve come for (1)as requested.Interviewer: Oh, yes. We have received your letter and resume. Have you (2)in advertising?Applicant: Yes, I’ve been working in an advertising firm for three years.Interviewer: (3)to leave your previous job?Applicant: I want to broaden my experience and improve my position.Interviewer: Why do you (4)Applicant: Because your company is one of the largest and best firms in (5). It’s very helpful to the further development of my abilities.Interviewer: Then what is your (6)?Applicant: As to the salary, I leave it to you. I believe you must have a standard starting salary, which should be satisfactory.Interviewer: (7), the starting salary is not high. But if you do well, we’ll give you raises.Applicant: I see. When can I know whether I’m accepted or not?Interviewer: Next Friday (8)
Interviewer: Do you want a (1)or a part-time job?Applicant: A part-time job. I have to (2)Interviewer: Do you mind working on (3)?Applicant: Not at all. Because I have to study during the day.Interviewer: Very well. The night shift is from 6 p.m. to 12 p.m. Then, what is the(4)you may consider?Applicant: Twenty yuan per hour.Interviewer: It’s a deal. When can you (5)?Applicant: I can start anytime.Interviewer: Good. You can come tomorrow evening.Applicant: Thank you very much. See you tomorrow.Interviewer: See you.
主要用于降低液压系统中某一支路的油液压力。
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