题目内容
听力原文： A lot of people think that cultural anthropology is just about studying the special and strange aspects of a society, but anthropologists are also interested in the aspects of life that seems so ordinary that the people in the society think they’re not significant. Let me give you an example, I see lots of T-shirts here in class today, but you probably don't think of them as an important part of your culture, but anthropologists could learn a lot about the culture of the US just by studying the T shirt. For one thing, T shirts are a mark of how casual clothing has become in America. No one was quite sure where they came from, but the T shirt first become popular in this country as an under shirt for sellers in the 1940s. Then in the 1950s, it became a sign of rebellion for teenagers to wear this white under shirt by itself, not under anything. By the 1960s and 70s, T shirts have become accepted as part of the uniform. views. You could even say that they came symbolized that generation's attitude towards informality and all thing, including dress. On another aspect that anthropologists would find interesting is that T shirts are used to express personal opinions. Look around this room, you know who likes watch TV show, who went where on vacation, who belongs to what organizations on campus. All of these aspects of our culture are printed on your T shirts. OK, I want to stop for a minute and ask you to try to write down five different conclusions you could reach about American culture from just the T shirts in this classroom.
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A．The book had been misplaced on the shelf.B．He can probably get a copy of the book for
Throughout history people have been put to death for various forms of wrongdoing. The death penalty is the most controversial penal practice in the modem world. Other harsh, physical forms of criminal punishment—referred to as corporal punishment (体罚) —have generally been eliminated in modem times. In the majority of countries, contemporary methods of punishment—such as imprisonment or fines—have abandoned infliction (施加) of physical pain. Although imprisonment and fines are universally recognized as necessary to the control of crime, the nations of the world are split on the issue of capital punishment. About 90 nations have abolished the death penalty and an almost equal number of nations retain it.
The trend in most industrialized nations has been to first stop executing prisoners and then to substitute long terms of imprisonment for death as the most severe of all criminal penalties. The United States is an important exception. The federal government and a majority of U.S. states provide for the death penalty, and on average 75 executions occur each year throughout the United States.
Since ancient times most governments have punished crimes by death as a routine part of the administration of criminal law. However, in the nfid-18th century, social critics began to criticize government practices they considered unjust, including capital punishment. The debate over whether governments should utilize the death penalty continues today.
Critics of capital punishment argue that it is cruel and insulting; while supporters assert that it is a uniquely effective punishment that prevents crime. However, advocates and opponents of the death penalty dispute the proper interpretation of statistical analyses of its preventing effect. Opponents of capital punishment see the death penalty as a human fights issue involving the limits of governmental power. In contrast, the advocates tend to regard capital punishment as an issue of criminal justice policy. Because of these alternative viewpoints, there will be further debate not only about what is the right answer on capital punishment, but about what type of question is being asked when the death penalty becomes a public issue.
According to the first paragraph, corporal punishment ______.
【C4】
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Fashion is clothing that is in style. at a particular time. The concept of fashion implies a process of style. change, because fashions in dress, as well as in furniture and other objects, have taken very different forms at different times in history. Thus, the English playwright William Shakespeare observed in the 16th century that "the fashion wears out more apparel (衣服) than the man".
Back in Shakespeare's day, only upper-class people dressed fashionably; the mass of the rural peasants wore simple clothing that hardly changed over many generations. Since the beginning of the 20th century, however, fashions have changed rapidly. We would look strange indeed if we wore the styles our great-grandparents wore. And most people—at least in the West—follow fashion to some extent, because fashion refers to much mom than the exclusive and expensive clothing produced by leading designers. Even schoolchildren are aware that fashions exist, and change, in running shoes. Nevertheless, we do tend to distinguish, however imprecisely, between basic clothing, such as blue jeans and T-shirts, and the latest fashions created by fashion designers.
Fashion reflects the society of which it is a part. It has been influenced by wars, conquests, laws, religion, and the arts. Individual personalities have also had an impact on fashion. Royal families and heads of state have sot fashion, and in the 20th century media stats have emerged as leaders of fashion. French writer Anatole France said that if he could come back to Earth 100 years after his death and have only one thing w read, he would choose a fashion magazine because that would show him the way people lived.
Fashion also has its critics, who have at times blamed fashion for being irrational, frivolous (轻佻的), and immoral. Why should pink be in fashion one season and gray the next season？ Why do people follow fashion like sheep when they have enough clothes already？ A common criticism is that fashion designers accelerate fashion change to create new business. Yet no new fashion succeeds until people are ready to accept it. The final decision about what to buy, or whether to buy anything at all, belongs to the consumer. In essence, fashions change because many people like new and different styles.
What does Shakespeare's remark imply？
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