When Synthia, a human-made cell, was created in 2010, invoked a global debate on ethics related to synthetic biology. Opponents criticized the work as destroying people's basic beliefs about _____________ and charging that the spread of artificial organisms into nature may cause environmental and health disasters. U.S. President Barack Obama also expressed concerns about this research and asked the Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues to review the synthetic-biology field and identify appropriate ethical boundaries to ensure that Americans reap the benefits of synthetic biology and to minimize identified risks.
A. evolution
B. love
C. life
D. god
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In ______, the first synthetic yeast genome project (Sc. 2.0 project) was launched to redesign and chemically synthesize the entire Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome.
A. 2002
B. 2005
C. 2009
D. 2014
In______,the5,386bpgenomeofthebacteriophage φX174wasassembledfromscratch by John C. Venter et al.inabouttwomonths.
A. 2000
B. 2003
C. 2006
D. 2009
In January ______, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation funded the Woodrow Wilson Center, the Hastings Center, and the J. Craig Venter Institute to examine the public perception, ethics, and policy implications of synthetic biology.
A. 2004
B. 2007
C. 2009
D. 2012
The US Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues issued a report in December _______ titled "New Directions: The Ethics of Synthetic Biology and Emerging Technologies."
A. 2010
B. 2012
C. 2015
D. 2019