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American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)hasdefinedanimalwelfareas:"An animal is in a good state of welfare if (as indicated by scientific evidence) it is healthy, comfortable, well nourished, safe, able to express innate behavior, and if it is not suffering from unpleasant states such as pain, fear, and __________".

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TerrestrialAnimalHealthCodeofWorldOrganizationforAnimalHealthhasdefinedanimalwelfareas:"Howananimaliscopingwiththeconditionsinwhichitlives.Ananimalisinagoodstateofwelfareif(asindicatedbyscientificevidence)itishealthy,comfortable,wellnourished,safe,abletoexpressinnatebehavior,andifitisnotsufferingfromunpleasantstatessuchaspain,fear,anddistress.Goodanimalwelfarerequiresdiseasepreventionandveterinarytreatment,appropriateshelter,management,nutrition,humanehandlingandhumaneslaughter/killing.Animalwelfarereferstothestateoftheanimal;thetreatmentthatananimalreceivesiscoveredbyothertermssuchasanimalcare,animalhusbandry,and________________".

ProfessorDonaldBroom,the Colleen Macleod Professor of Animal Welfare at Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge University,hasdefinedanimalwelfareas:"Itsstateasregardsitsattemptstocopewithits_________________.Thisstateincludeshowmuchitishavingtodotocope,theextenttowhichitissucceedinginorfailingtocope,anditsassociatedfeelings".

__________________ is the act of putting an animal to death or allowing it to die by withholding extreme medical measures.

Virtually every advance in medical science in the 20th century, from antibiotics and vaccines to antidepressant drugs and organ transplants, has been achieved either directly or indirectly through the use of __________ in laboratory experiments.