Hippocrates developed a medical ethos known as the Hippocratic Oath. One of the key tenets of the Oath is: "I will use those dietary regimens which will benefit my patients according to my greatest ability and judgement, and I will do no harm or injustice to them." Others have simplified this part of the Oath to the principle of non-maleficence ("do no harm") and the principle of ___________________ ("benefit your patient").
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At the end of World War II, the Allied Powers put German military and political leaders on trial at Nuremberg, Germany for war crimes. Among these were the Nazi scientists and physicians who conducted experiments on human beings. Since the actions of the Nazi researchers were legal in Germany, the Nuremberg judges needed a source of ______________________ to serve as a basis for prosecuting the defendants.
The four common types of clinical research include epidemiology, behavioral study, _________________, and _____________.
Clinical research is the same as clinical practice since both are handling patients.
A. 对
B. 错
Risk-benefit evaluations are vital to ensuring ethical clinical research. Using a systematic approach can not help to protect subjects while allowing valuable and appropriate research.
A. 对
B. 错