题目内容
The skills and methods used to prevent these two occurrences are called aseptic or sterile techniques.
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This essentially mean that all tools and media used are free from the presence of any living material (sterile) and experiments are carried out in such a way as to prevent the accidental introduction of unknown microbes (contamination).
Sterilization is a process which ensures the complete eradication of all living cells and viruses whereas disinfection is a vaguer term normally used to indicate the removal of potentially harmful microorganisms but not necessarily all other microbes.
Physical (heat and radiation) and chemical methods are used to sterilize or disinfect materials and the method used is dependent on the nature of the materials to be sterilised.
Heat, either moist or dry, is one of the most commonly used techniques but this cannot be used for any heat labile materials such as proteins and some plastics.
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