In ______, Erwin Müller, working at Siemens Research Laboratory, invented the field emission microscope, allowing near-atomic-resolution images of materials.
A. 1926
B. 1932
C. 1936
D. 1946
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In _____, Victor La Mer and Robert Dinegar developed the theory and a process for growing monodisperse colloidal materials. Controlled ability to fabricate colloids enables myriad industrial uses such as specialized papers, paints, and thin films, even dialysis treatments.
A. 1940
B. 1945
C. 1950
D. 1955
In 1958, Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments originated the concept of, designed, and built the first integrated circuit, for which he received the Nobel Prize in ______.
A. 1990
B. 1994
C. 1998
D. 2000
In 1981, Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer at IBM's Zurich lab invented the scanning tunneling microscope, allowing scientists to "see" individual atoms for the first time. Binnig and Rohrer won the Nobel Prize for this discovery in ______.
A. 1983
B. 1986
C. 1990
D. 1996
In1985,RiceUniversityresearchersHaroldKrotoetal.discoveredtheBuckminsterfullerene(C60),morecommonlyknownasthe'buckyball',whichisamoleculeresemblingasoccerballinshapeandcomposedentirelyofcarbon,asaregraphiteanddiamond.Theteamwasawardedthe______NobelPrizeinChemistryfortheirrolesinthisdiscoveryandthatofthefullereneclassofmoleculesmoregenerally.
A. 1988
B. 1990
C. 1994
D. 1996