In _______, researchers at Washington University reported synthesis of the 9.6 kbp (kilo base pair) hepatitis C virus genome from chemically synthesized 60 to 80-mers.
A. 1995
B. 1997
C. 2000
D. 2003
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In _______, researchers at SUNY Stony Brook succeeded in synthesizing the 7,741 base poliovirus genome from its published sequence, producing the second synthetic pathogen genome. This took about two years of work.
A. 1998
B. 2000
C. 2002
D. 2004
Scientists engineered yeast by increasing farnesyl pyrophosphate production and introducing the amorphadiene synthase and cytochrome P450 genes from Artemisia annua to efficiently convert simple sugars to artemisinic acid in ______.
A. 2000
B. 2003
C. 2006
D. 2010
In ______, a minimal prokaryotic genome, the chromosome of M. genitalium JCVI-1.0, was successfully chemically synthesized and assembled. In the same year, one-step assembly of 25 chemical DNA fragments into an intact M. genitalium genome was achieved in yeast by the same research group.
A. 2000
B. 2004
C. 2008
D. 2012
A pair of synthetic gene circuits that count events — a long-stated goal for circuit engineers — was reported in _______. For one of these counter circuits, recombinase-mediated DNA rearrangement was used to create permanent memory of an event, and a similar strategy was later used to engineer a full set of recombinase-based logic gates.
A. 2004
B. 2006
C. 2009
D. 2012